HESI RN
HESI RN CAT Exit Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is taught how to collect a 24-hour urine specimen. Which statement indicates understanding of the procedure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because discarding the first morning specimen is essential to start the 24-hour collection accurately. By discarding the first void, the client ensures that the 24-hour collection will begin accurately. Choice A is incorrect because refrigeration is not necessary for a 24-hour urine collection. Choice B is incorrect because the collection should start after discarding the first morning void. Choice C is incorrect because keeping the urine on ice is not a standard practice for a 24-hour urine collection.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) to a client. Which action is most important for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Verify the client's blood type is crucial to ensure compatibility and prevent adverse reactions such as hemolytic transfusion reactions. Step 2: Ensuring PRBCs are warm is important but not the most critical as they can be warmed before administration. Step 3: Checking vital signs is important but not the priority compared to verifying blood type for safe transfusion. Step 4: Obtaining consent is essential but does not address the immediate safety concern of blood type compatibility.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a history of seizures is being discharged with a prescription for phenytoin (Dilantin). Which instruction should the nurse provide this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid alcohol while taking this medication. Phenytoin interacts negatively with alcohol, increasing the risk of side effects and reducing its effectiveness in controlling seizures. Alcohol may also worsen drowsiness and dizziness caused by phenytoin. Choice A is incorrect as taking phenytoin with meals can decrease its absorption. Choice C is unrelated to phenytoin therapy. Choice D is incorrect as phenytoin should be taken at regular intervals throughout the day to maintain therapeutic levels.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a history of congestive heart failure (CHF) is admitted with fluid volume overload. Which assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Shortness of breath. It is a concerning sign in a client with CHF and fluid volume overload, indicating possible worsening of pulmonary congestion. Shortness of breath can be a result of fluid accumulation in the lungs, leading to respiratory distress. Reporting this finding promptly to the healthcare provider is crucial for timely intervention to prevent further complications. A: Weight gain of 2 pounds in 24 hours could be an early sign of fluid retention, but shortness of breath is a more critical finding in this scenario. B: Presence of a cough may indicate pulmonary congestion, but shortness of breath is a more severe symptom that requires immediate attention. C: Edema in the lower extremities is a common manifestation of fluid overload but may not be as urgent as shortness of breath in indicating worsening condition.
Question 5 of 5
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving oxygen at 2 liters per minute via nasal cannula. The client reports difficulty breathing. What action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Check the client's oxygen saturation level to assess the effectiveness of oxygen therapy. Step 2: If oxygen saturation is low, adjust oxygen flow rate accordingly. Step 3: If oxygen saturation is adequate, further assess the client's condition. Step 4: Instructing deep breathing and coughing may help with airway clearance but should not be the first action. Step 5: Placing the client in high-Fowler's position may aid breathing but does not address the immediate need to assess oxygen saturation level.