HESI RN
HESI Pharmacology Practice Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is taking lansoprazole (Prevacid) for the chronic management of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. The nurse advises the client to take which of the following products if needed for a headache?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Acetaminophen (Tylenol). Acetaminophen is recommended for pain relief in clients taking lansoprazole due to its minimal gastrointestinal side effects. Lansoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that reduces stomach acid production, making it a suitable choice for clients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Option A) Naproxen and option B) Ibuprofen are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that can increase the risk of gastric irritation and bleeding, especially when used with lansoprazole. Option D) Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is also an NSAID and can further exacerbate the risk of gastrointestinal complications in this population. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers to understand the interactions between medications to prevent potential adverse effects. Providing appropriate guidance on pain management options that are safe and effective for specific patient populations, such as those with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, is essential in optimizing patient care and outcomes.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing instructions to an adolescent who has a history of seizures and is taking an anticonvulsant medication. Which of the following statements indicates that the client understands the instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, option C is the correct answer: "I can't drink alcohol while I am taking my medication." This statement indicates that the client understands an important aspect of taking anticonvulsant medication. Alcohol can interact with anticonvulsants, reducing their effectiveness or causing adverse effects. This understanding is crucial for the adolescent's safety and well-being. Option A is incorrect because it presents a blanket statement that the client will never be able to drive a car, which is not necessarily true for all individuals taking anticonvulsant medication. Option B is incorrect as it implies that the medication will clear up the client's skin, which is not a common effect of anticonvulsants. Option D is also incorrect because doubling the dosage of medication without medical advice can be dangerous and should not be encouraged. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of patient education regarding medication management, interactions, and potential side effects. It emphasizes the need for clear communication between healthcare providers and patients, especially when dealing with medications that can significantly impact a person's health and daily activities.
Question 3 of 5
The client with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is receiving daunorubicin (DaunoXome). Which of the following would indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing a toxic effect related to the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Crackles on auscultation of the lungs would indicate a toxic effect related to daunorubicin, known to cause cardiotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity can manifest as heart failure, abnormal ECG findings, or cardiomyopathy. It is crucial for the nurse to monitor for signs of cardiotoxicity to ensure timely intervention and prevent further complications.
Question 4 of 5
During an admission assessment, a client informs the nurse that they take propylthiouracil (PTU) daily. Based on this information, the nurse suspects that the client has a history of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a medication commonly used to treat hyperthyroidism, including Graves' disease, which is characterized by an overactive thyroid gland. The client mentioning the daily use of PTU indicates that they likely have a history of Graves' disease, as this medication helps manage the condition by reducing the production of thyroid hormones. Therefore, the correct answer is B: Graves' disease.
Question 5 of 5
The client has a new prescription for metoclopramide (Reglan). On review of the chart, the nurse identifies that this medication can be safely administered with which condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metoclopramide, also known as Reglan, is commonly used to manage vomiting following cancer chemotherapy. It acts as a gastrointestinal stimulant and antiemetic, aiding in relieving nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy. Metoclopramide should be avoided in conditions like intestinal obstruction, peptic ulcer with melena, and diverticulitis with perforation due to its prokinetic properties that can worsen these conditions. Therefore, the correct answer is D: Vomiting following cancer chemotherapy.