A client is receiving desmopressin acetate (DDAVP), and a healthcare provider is monitoring for adverse effects. Which of the following indicates the presence of an adverse effect?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and the administration of desmopressin acetate (DDAVP), the correct answer is B) Drowsiness as an adverse effect. Desmopressin acetate is a synthetic analog of vasopressin, used to treat conditions like diabetes insipidus. Drowsiness is an adverse effect because desmopressin can affect the central nervous system, leading to sedation. Option A) Insomnia is incorrect because desmopressin is not known to cause insomnia; in fact, it can have the opposite effect due to its impact on the regulation of sleep-wake cycles. Option C) Weight loss is incorrect as desmopressin is not typically associated with weight loss. In fact, fluid retention is a more common effect of this medication. Option D) Increased urination is also incorrect because desmopressin works to decrease urine production, making it an expected therapeutic effect rather than an adverse one. Educationally, understanding the adverse effects of medications is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers to ensure patient safety and well-being. It is essential to recognize and differentiate between expected therapeutic effects and potential adverse reactions to provide appropriate care and interventions for patients receiving pharmacological treatments.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because cholestyramine should not only be taken with water. Flavored products or fruit juices can improve the taste. Choices A, B, and D are all correct statements. It is important for the client to continue taking vitamin supplements, understand that cholestyramine helps lower cholesterol, and maintain a high-fiber diet while taking this medication to enhance its effectiveness.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pharmacology, the order of administration of inhalers is crucial to ensure optimal therapeutic effects. The correct answer, option A, directs the nurse to administer albuterol (a short-acting bronchodilator) first, followed by beclomethasone dipropionate (a corticosteroid). This sequence is essential because albuterol helps to open the airways quickly, allowing better penetration of the corticosteroid for long-term control of inflammation. Option B is incorrect as administering the corticosteroid before the bronchodilator may limit the bronchodilator's effectiveness due to inadequate airway opening. Option C and D are also incorrect as alternating puffs of each medication may not provide the appropriate therapeutic effect needed for each medication. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind the order of inhaler administration is crucial for nursing students to provide safe and effective care to patients with respiratory conditions. This knowledge ensures that students can prioritize medications based on their pharmacological actions and optimize treatment outcomes for patients.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) The client should reschedule the appointment. Fexofenadine is a second-generation antihistamine that can interfere with allergy skin testing results by blocking the histamine response. This interference can lead to false-negative results if the test is conducted while the medication is still in the client's system. Option B) and C) are incorrect because adjusting the allergen dose would not address the interference caused by the antihistamine in the system. Option D) is also incorrect because delaying the reading of the skin test would not eliminate the impact of fexofenadine on the test results. In an educational context, it is important for healthcare providers to be aware of how various medications can affect diagnostic tests to ensure accurate results and appropriate patient care. Understanding the pharmacological properties of medications and their potential interactions with diagnostic procedures is crucial for safe and effective practice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Streptokinase therapy is contraindicated in severe uncontrolled hypertension due to the risk of cerebral hemorrhage. A blood pressure of 198/110 mm Hg indicates severe hypertension, which needs to be addressed before initiating streptokinase to prevent potential complications.