HESI RN
Pediatric HESI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 7-year-old child with leukemia is receiving chemotherapy. The mother asks the practical nurse (PN) how to manage the child's nausea at home. What advice should the PN provide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During chemotherapy, children may experience nausea. Providing small, frequent meals can help manage nausea as they are easier to tolerate, reducing the likelihood of vomiting. It is important to offer bland, non-spicy foods to avoid exacerbating nausea. Encouraging large meals less frequently or allowing the child to eat whatever they want may overwhelm the digestive system and worsen nausea.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has been diagnosed with measles. Which intervention should the nurse implement to prevent the spread of infection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the case of a 4-year-old child diagnosed with measles, the correct intervention to prevent the spread of infection is to place the child in airborne isolation (option B). Measles is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets, so isolating the child in a negative pressure room can help prevent the transmission of the virus to others in the healthcare setting. Administering antipyretics as prescribed (option A) may help manage the child's fever, but it does not directly address the spread of the infection. Encouraging fluid intake (option C) is important for maintaining hydration, but it does not specifically prevent the spread of measles. Teaching the parents about hand hygiene (option D) is a good practice to prevent the spread of many infections, but in the case of measles which is primarily airborne, airborne isolation is the most effective method. In an educational context, it is crucial for pediatric nurses to understand the specific isolation precautions required for different infectious diseases to prevent the spread of infections within healthcare settings. Airborne precautions are essential for diseases like measles to protect both patients and healthcare workers from exposure to infectious agents.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is providing care for a 12-year-old child who was recently diagnosed with scoliosis. The child's parent asks about treatment options. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the best response for the nurse to provide to the parent of a 12-year-old child recently diagnosed with scoliosis is option B) Bracing is often recommended to prevent further curvature of the spine. The rationale behind this is that bracing is a common non-invasive treatment option for children with scoliosis, especially for those who are still growing. Bracing helps to prevent the progression of the spinal curvature and can be effective in managing the condition without the need for surgery in many cases. Option A) Scoliosis can be corrected with exercises and physical therapy is incorrect because while exercises and physical therapy can help improve posture and muscle strength, they are not typically sufficient to correct the curvature of the spine in scoliosis. Option C) Surgery is usually necessary for all cases of scoliosis is incorrect as surgery is not usually the first-line treatment for scoliosis, especially in children. Surgery is considered in severe cases or when other treatments have not been effective. Option D) There is no effective treatment for scoliosis is also incorrect as there are various treatment options available for scoliosis, including bracing, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery. It is important for the nurse to provide accurate information to the parent to help them understand the available treatment options and make informed decisions regarding their child's care.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant who has just received routine immunizations. The mother reports that the baby has been fussy and has a low-grade fever since the immunizations. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fussiness and low-grade fever are common side effects of immunizations in infants and usually resolve on their own. It is important for the nurse to educate the mother about these expected reactions to help ease her concerns. Immediate evaluation or giving aspirin to an infant for fever is not necessary or safe, as aspirin can be harmful to infants.
Question 5 of 5
A 3-year-old child is brought to the clinic by the parents who are concerned that the child is not yet potty trained. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best response for the nurse in this scenario is option B) Every child develops at their own pace. Let's discuss some strategies to help. This response is the most appropriate because it acknowledges the normal variability in child development and encourages a supportive and individualized approach to potty training. Option A is incorrect because it creates unnecessary worry for the parents by implying that their child should be potty trained by a certain age, which can increase parental stress and pressure on the child. Option C is also incorrect as suggesting immediate evaluation for developmental delays without further assessment or observation can cause undue alarm for the parents. It is important to approach developmental concerns with sensitivity and thorough assessment. Option D is not the best choice as forcing a child to use the potty can lead to negative associations with the process and may hinder successful potty training. It is essential to promote positive reinforcement and patience in potty training. In a pediatric nursing context, it is crucial to understand and communicate to parents that children reach developmental milestones at different rates. Providing support, guidance, and individualized strategies can help parents navigate challenges like potty training with a positive and informed approach.