A 6-year-old boy with bronchial asthma takes the beta-adrenergic agonist agent albuterol (Proventil). The child's mother tells the nurse that she uses this medication to open her son's airway when he is having trouble breathing. What is the nurse's best response?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nurse's priority is to first reassure the mother that she is using albuterol correctly to open her son's airways during episodes of difficulty breathing. This reassurance helps build trust and ensures that the child receives the intended benefit of the medication. Once the mother feels confident in her administration technique, the nurse can then provide further education or address any concerns about the child's asthma management.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Creating a quiet environment is the priority intervention as it helps reduce irritability and stress in children with Kawasaki disease. This intervention can promote a soothing atmosphere for the child, which may help in managing their symptoms effectively. Once the child is in a peaceful setting, further interventions such as addressing nutritional needs or skincare can be addressed.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct response, option D, is the best choice for the nurse to provide because it acknowledges the child's feelings of anger and helps the mother understand that this reaction is a common coping mechanism in response to a significant loss, such as an amputation. By validating the child's emotions and explaining that anger is a natural part of the grieving process, the nurse can help the mother support her child effectively during this challenging time. Option A is incorrect because immediately suggesting a psychiatric consult may not be necessary at this stage and could potentially escalate the situation. Option B is incorrect as it dismisses the child's feelings as just normal adolescent behavior, failing to address the underlying emotional distress. Option C is also incorrect as it overlooks the specific emotional response of anger and does not provide guidance on how to help the child cope with these feelings effectively. In an educational context, it is crucial for pediatric nurses to understand the emotional impact of medical interventions on children and adolescents. By recognizing and addressing their emotional responses, nurses can provide holistic care that supports not only their physical well-being but also their mental and emotional health during challenging times like dealing with an amputation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The first step in developing a behavior modification program for an aggressive child is to determine what activities, foods, and toys the child enjoys. By understanding the child's preferences, the nurse can tailor the program to be more engaging and effective, increasing the likelihood of success in modifying the aggressive behavior.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, monitoring hydration status is crucial for managing conditions like dehydration. In this scenario, the best indicator that the child's dehydration is improving is option A) The child's urine output increases. When a child is dehydrated, their kidneys conserve water, leading to decreased urine output. As hydration improves, the kidneys start excreting more urine, indicating better fluid balance. Increased urine output is a reliable sign of improving hydration status in pediatric patients. Option B) The child's skin turgor is normal is not as reliable in children compared to adults. Skin turgor can be affected by various factors in children, making it a less specific indicator of hydration status. Option C) The child's weight increases may not be immediate and can fluctuate due to factors other than hydration, such as food intake or edema. Option D) The child's vital signs are stable is important but may not directly reflect hydration status. Vital signs can remain stable even in the presence of dehydration, especially in the early stages. Educationally, it's vital for pediatric nurses to understand the specific indicators of hydration status in children to provide optimal care. Emphasizing the significance of monitoring urine output as a key parameter in assessing hydration status can help nurses make informed clinical decisions and ensure positive patient outcomes.