HESI RN
HESI RN CAT Exam Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 20-year-old male client is diagnosed with Ewing's sarcoma following examination for a knee injury. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to provide the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to seek treatment for the sarcoma immediately. Ewing's sarcoma is an aggressive cancer, and prompt treatment is crucial for improving prognosis. Option A is incorrect because while pain management is important, addressing the underlying cause (sarcoma) is the priority. Option B is not as critical as seeking treatment for the sarcoma itself. Option C is not the most important instruction as the primary concern is addressing the cancer diagnosis.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a C-6 spinal injury changes to a breathing pattern of shallow respirations and dyspnea twelve hours after the causative incident. The nurse should notify the healthcare provider and implement which intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a client with a C-6 spinal injury exhibiting shallow respirations and dyspnea, these signs could indicate respiratory compromise and potential respiratory failure. Intubation with an endotracheal tube may be necessary to secure the airway and support adequate oxygenation. Placing the client in reverse Trendelenburg position, administering pain medication, or instructing on deep breathing exercises would not directly address the urgency of the respiratory distress in this situation, making them incorrect choices.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse in a community health clinic is interviewing a female client who has three children. The client tells the nurse that she has a new man in her life, with whom she is having a sexual relationship, and that they both smoke cigarettes. Which information is most important for the nurse to provide this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most important information for the nurse to provide the client in this situation is that using both a diaphragm and a condom together provides effective contraception and also protects against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). While oral contraceptives can help prevent unwanted pregnancies, using a barrier method like a diaphragm and a condom is crucial in this scenario where the client is engaging in a new sexual relationship. Choice B is important information but is not the top priority in this context. Choice C, although relevant, does not address the immediate concern of contraception and STD prevention. Therefore, the correct answer is D.
Question 4 of 5
A client in the oliguric phase of acute renal failure (ARF) has a 24-hour urine output of 400 ml. How much oral intake should the nurse allow this client to have during the next 24 hours?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the oliguric phase of acute renal failure (ARF), the goal is to prevent fluid overload. Since the client has a low urine output of 400 ml in 24 hours, limiting oral intake to 900 to 1,000 ml is appropriate. Encouraging unrestricted oral fluids (Choice A) can exacerbate fluid overload. Decreasing oral intake to 200 ml (Choice B) would be too restrictive and may lead to dehydration. Allowing the client to have exactly 400 ml oral intake (Choice C) would not account for other sources of fluid intake and output, potentially resulting in fluid imbalance.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assessing on the first postoperative day following thyroid surgery. Which laboratory value is most important for the nurse to monitor?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of postoperative thyroid surgery, monitoring calcium levels is crucial due to the proximity of the parathyroid glands to the thyroid. The parathyroid glands regulate calcium levels in the body, and damage during thyroid surgery can lead to hypocalcemia, a common complication. Symptoms of hypocalcemia include muscle cramps, tingling sensations, and even seizures, which can be life-threatening. Therefore, monitoring calcium levels is essential to detect and manage hypocalcemia promptly. Regarding the other options: - Monitoring sodium levels is important in various conditions, but it is not the most critical value to monitor in the immediate postoperative period following thyroid surgery. - Chloride levels are typically monitored in conditions like dehydration or metabolic alkalosis, but they are not the top priority after thyroid surgery. - Potassium levels are important to monitor, especially in patients on certain medications or with kidney issues, but they are not the most crucial value to assess on the first postoperative day after thyroid surgery. Educationally, understanding the specific implications of thyroid surgery on calcium regulation reinforces the importance of assessing and managing potential complications in surgical patients. This knowledge equips nurses to provide safe and effective postoperative care, emphasizing the significance of close monitoring and prompt intervention to prevent adverse outcomes.