HESI RN
HESI Pediatric Practice Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 10-year-old girl who has had type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) for the past two years tells the nurse that she would like to use a pump instead of insulin injections to manage her diabetes. Which assessment of the girl is most important for the nurse to obtain?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a patient transitioning to an insulin pump, understanding the quality control process to troubleshoot the pump is essential for ensuring proper and safe management of diabetes. This knowledge enables the individual to identify and address any issues that may arise with the pump, helping maintain optimal glycemic control and prevent complications.
Question 2 of 5
What action should be taken by the healthcare provider for a child who has ingested a corrosive product?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In cases of corrosive product ingestion, it is crucial to contact the poison control center for guidance. Inducing vomiting or attempting to neutralize the agent can lead to further harm. The poison control center professionals are trained to provide specific instructions tailored to the situation, ensuring the best possible outcome for the child.
Question 3 of 5
When should oral hygiene practices start for an infant according to the American Dental Association guidelines?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Begin wiping the teeth with a washcloth and water when the first tooth appears. This is in line with the American Dental Association guidelines, which recommend starting oral hygiene practices as soon as the first tooth erupts. It is crucial to initiate oral care early to prevent dental problems and establish good habits. Option A is incorrect because waiting until all baby teeth are in can lead to plaque buildup and potential dental issues. Option B is incorrect as delaying oral hygiene until the child can handle a toothbrush can result in missed opportunities for early preventive care. Option C is not the best choice as using toothpaste on a gauze pad may not be necessary initially and could potentially be harmful if too much fluoride is ingested. Starting with a gentle wipe using a washcloth and water is more appropriate for infant oral hygiene. In pediatric nursing, it is essential to educate parents on the importance of early oral care to promote good dental health habits from infancy. Starting early with simple practices like wiping the teeth with a washcloth sets the foundation for a lifetime of healthy oral hygiene routines.
Question 4 of 5
A child who is admitted to the hospital with anemia is anxious, fearful, and hyperventilating. The nurse anticipates the child developing which acid-base imbalance?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the child's presentation of anxiety, fear, and hyperventilation indicates a state of respiratory alkalosis. Hyperventilation leads to excessive removal of carbon dioxide from the body, causing a decrease in carbonic acid levels and resulting in alkalosis. Option A, metabolic acidosis, is incorrect as the symptoms presented by the child do not align with this acid-base imbalance. Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decrease in pH due to an excess of acids or a loss of bicarbonate. Option B, respiratory acidosis, is also incorrect. This condition occurs when there is an accumulation of carbon dioxide in the body, leading to an increase in carbonic acid levels and a decrease in pH. The child's hyperventilation would not lead to respiratory acidosis. Option D, metabolic alkalosis, is not the correct answer in this case. Metabolic alkalosis results from an excess of bicarbonate in the body or a loss of acids, which is not the situation presented by the child's symptoms. Educationally, understanding acid-base imbalances in pediatric nursing is crucial for providing effective care to children with various health conditions. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of different imbalances allows nurses to intervene promptly and appropriately to restore the body's acid-base balance and support the child's recovery.
Question 5 of 5
A 2-week-old female infant is hospitalized for the surgical repair of an umbilical hernia. After returning to the postoperative neonatal unit, her RR and HR have increased during the last hour. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a postoperative neonatal setting, an increase in respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) in an infant could indicate pain or distress. It is crucial for the nurse to notify the healthcare provider promptly to assess the infant's condition and provide appropriate interventions. Prompt communication with the healthcare provider ensures timely evaluation and management of the infant's discomfort or distress, promoting optimal postoperative recovery and comfort.