HESI RN
Pediatric HESI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 10-year-old child with hemophilia is admitted to the hospital with joint pain and swelling. What should the healthcare provider do first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Administer factor VIII as prescribed. Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that impairs the blood's ability to clot properly. Factor VIII is essential for blood clotting in individuals with hemophilia A. Administering factor VIII promptly is crucial to prevent further bleeding, especially in joints where bleeding can lead to significant pain, swelling, and long-term damage. Option A) Apply ice to the affected joint may provide temporary relief for pain and swelling, but it does not address the underlying issue of inadequate clotting in hemophilia. Option B) Administer pain medication can help manage symptoms, but it does not target the root cause of joint pain and swelling in hemophilia. Option C) Elevate the affected limb can help reduce swelling, but it does not address the primary concern of inadequate clotting in hemophilia. In an educational context, it is essential for healthcare providers to understand the specific treatment needs of pediatric patients with hemophilia. Prompt administration of prescribed clotting factors is crucial to prevent complications and improve outcomes for these patients. Understanding the pathophysiology of hemophilia and appropriate treatment modalities is essential for nurses caring for pediatric patients with this condition.
Question 2 of 5
A 7-year-old child with leukemia is receiving chemotherapy. The mother asks the practical nurse (PN) how to manage the child's nausea at home. What advice should the PN provide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During chemotherapy, children may experience nausea. Providing small, frequent meals can help manage nausea as they are easier to tolerate, reducing the likelihood of vomiting. It is important to offer bland, non-spicy foods to avoid exacerbating nausea. Encouraging large meals less frequently or allowing the child to eat whatever they want may overwhelm the digestive system and worsen nausea.
Question 3 of 5
What is the most important information for the PN to reinforce with the parents when caring for a child diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Completing the full course of antibiotics is crucial in the management of acute rheumatic fever as it helps prevent recurrence and complications. Antibiotics are essential in eradicating the underlying infection that triggers the autoimmune response leading to rheumatic fever. Reinforcing the importance of completing the prescribed antibiotic regimen is vital to ensure the child's recovery and prevent further health issues.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has been diagnosed with measles. Which intervention should the nurse implement to prevent the spread of infection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the case of a 4-year-old child diagnosed with measles, the correct intervention to prevent the spread of infection is to place the child in airborne isolation (option B). Measles is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets, so isolating the child in a negative pressure room can help prevent the transmission of the virus to others in the healthcare setting. Administering antipyretics as prescribed (option A) may help manage the child's fever, but it does not directly address the spread of the infection. Encouraging fluid intake (option C) is important for maintaining hydration, but it does not specifically prevent the spread of measles. Teaching the parents about hand hygiene (option D) is a good practice to prevent the spread of many infections, but in the case of measles which is primarily airborne, airborne isolation is the most effective method. In an educational context, it is crucial for pediatric nurses to understand the specific isolation precautions required for different infectious diseases to prevent the spread of infections within healthcare settings. Airborne precautions are essential for diseases like measles to protect both patients and healthcare workers from exposure to infectious agents.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing care for a 12-year-old child who was recently diagnosed with scoliosis. The child's parent asks about treatment options. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the best response for the nurse to provide to the parent of a 12-year-old child recently diagnosed with scoliosis is option B) Bracing is often recommended to prevent further curvature of the spine. The rationale behind this is that bracing is a common non-invasive treatment option for children with scoliosis, especially for those who are still growing. Bracing helps to prevent the progression of the spinal curvature and can be effective in managing the condition without the need for surgery in many cases. Option A) Scoliosis can be corrected with exercises and physical therapy is incorrect because while exercises and physical therapy can help improve posture and muscle strength, they are not typically sufficient to correct the curvature of the spine in scoliosis. Option C) Surgery is usually necessary for all cases of scoliosis is incorrect as surgery is not usually the first-line treatment for scoliosis, especially in children. Surgery is considered in severe cases or when other treatments have not been effective. Option D) There is no effective treatment for scoliosis is also incorrect as there are various treatment options available for scoliosis, including bracing, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery. It is important for the nurse to provide accurate information to the parent to help them understand the available treatment options and make informed decisions regarding their child's care.