Practice TEAS Science Test - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: '
To filter waste from the blood.' The kidneys are vital organs responsible for filtering waste products from the blood, regulating fluid and electrolyte balance, and producing urine.
Choice A is incorrect because the production of digestive enzymes primarily occurs in the pancreas and salivary glands.
Choice C is incorrect as the production of white blood cells mainly takes place in the bone marrow and lymphatic system.
Choice D is incorrect as the production of red blood cells occurs in the bone marrow.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Platelets play a crucial role in blood clotting by forming clots to help stop bleeding. While red blood cells transport oxygen, white blood cells fight infection, and immune cells produce antibodies, platelets specifically function to prevent excessive bleeding by forming clots.
Therefore, the correct answer is D.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they describe functions of other components of the blood, not platelets.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "
To fight infection." White blood cells are primarily responsible for fighting infections and foreign invaders in the body, making them a critical component of the immune system.
Choice A, "
To carry oxygen," is incorrect as red blood cells are responsible for oxygen transport.
Choice C, "
To transport nutrients," is incorrect as this function is mainly attributed to blood plasma and other specialized cells.
Choice D, "
To transport waste," is also incorrect as waste removal is primarily handled by the kidneys and the lymphatic system, not white blood cells.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The pia mater is the correct answer. It is a thin, innermost layer of the meninges that contains numerous nerves and blood vessels, providing nourishment to the underlying brain cells and spinal cord. The arachnoid mater (
Choice
A) is the middle layer of the meninges and does not contain as many nerves and blood vessels as the pia mater. The dura mater (
Choice
B) is the tough, outermost layer of the meninges and is not responsible for supplying nourishment. The periosteum (
Choice
C) is a connective tissue membrane covering bones, not part of the meninges.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is the large intestine. The large intestine is responsible for absorbing water and forming feces from undigested food. The stomach's main function is to break down food with acid and enzymes. The small intestine is where most of the nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. The esophagus is the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach and does not play a role in absorbing water or forming feces.