ATI TEAS 7
TEAS Reading Questions Questions
Extract:
How are Hypotheses Confirmed? Most scientists agree that while the scientific method is an invaluable methodological tool, it is not a failsafe method for arriving at object ruth. It is a debatable, for example, whether a hypothesis can actually be confirmed by experience. When a hypothesis is of the form "All x and y," it is commonly believed that a piece of evidence that is both x and y confirms the hypothesis. For example, for the hypothesis "All monkeys are hairy," a particular monkey that is hairy is thought to be a confirming piece of evidence for the hypothesis. A problem arises when one encounters evidence that disproves a hypothesis: while no scientist would argue that one piece of evidence proves a hypothesis, it is possible for one piece of evidence to disprove a hypothesis. To return to the monkey example, one hairless monkey out of one billion hairy monkeys disproves the hypothesis "All monkeys are hairy." Single pieces of evidence then, seem to affect to given hypothesis in radically different ways. For this reason, the confirmation of hypotheses is better described as probabilistic. Hypotheses that can only be proven or disproven based on evidence need to be based on probability because sample sets for such hypotheses are too large. Int eh monkey example, every single monkey in the history of monkeys would need to be examined before the hypothesis could be proven or disproven. By making confirmation a function of probability, one may make provisional or working conclusions the tallow for the possibility of given hypothesis being disconfirmed in the future. Int he monkey case, then, encountering a hairy monkey would slighting rise the probability that "all monkeys are hairy," while encountering a hairless monkey would slightly decrease the probability that "all monkeys are hairy." This method of confirming hypotheses is both counterintuitive and controversial, but it allows for evidence to equitably affect hypotheses and it does not require infinite sample sets for confirmation or disconfirmation.
Question 1 of 5
Using the same reasoning as that in the passage, an automobile with eighteen wheels does what to the following hypothesis: 'All automobiles have only four wheels'?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An automobile with eighteen wheels contradicts the hypothesis that 'All automobiles have only four wheels.' This contradiction reduces the probability that the hypothesis is true. The hypothesis is not proven by the presence of an eighteen-wheel automobile, nor does it raise the probability of the hypothesis being true. Instead, it directly challenges the hypothesis, leading to a decrease in its probability of being correct.
Extract:
Stories have been a part of the world since the beginning of recorded time. For centuries before the invention of the printing press, stories of the world were passed down to generations through oral tradition. With the invention of the printing press, which made written material available to wide ranges of audiences, books were mass-produced and introduced into grater society. For the last several centuries, books have been at the forefront of education and entertainment. With the invention of the Internet, reliance on books for information quickly changed. Soon, almost everything that anyone needed to known could be accessed through the internet. Large printed volumes of encyclopedias became unnecessary as all of the information was easily available on the Internet. Despite the progression of the Internet, printed media was till very popular int he forms of both fiction and non-fiction books. While waiting for an appointment, enduring a several-hour flight, or relaxing before sleep, books have been a reliable and convenient source of entertainment, and one that society has not been willing to give up. With the progression and extreme convenience of technology, printed books are going to soon become a thing of the past. Inventions such as the iPad from Macintosh and the Kindle have made the need for any kind offprinted media unnecessary. With a rechargeable battery, a large screen, and the ability to have several books saved on file, electronic options will soon take over and society will no longer see printed books. Although some people may say that the act of reading is not complete without turning a page, sliding a finger across the screen or pressing a button to read more onto the next page is just as satisfying to the reader. The iPad and Kindle are devices that have qualities similar to a computer and can be sued for so much more than just reading. These devices are therefore better than books because they have multiple uses. In cultural society that is part of the world and due to long-standing tradition, stories will always be an important way to communicate ideas nd provide information and entrainment. Centuries ago, stories could only be remembered and retold through speech. Printed media changed the way the world communicated and was connected, and now, as we move forward with technology, it is only a matter of time before we must say goodbye to the printed pas and welcome the digital and electronic future.
Question 2 of 5
What is the main argument of this essay?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The main argument of the essay is that technology will soon replace printed material, specifically printed books. The passage discusses how the rise of the Internet and electronic devices like the iPad and Kindle are making printed books unnecessary. It presents a progression from oral tradition to printed books and now to digital and electronic options. The essay highlights how the convenience and multi-functionality of devices like the iPad and Kindle will lead to the eventual demise of printed books.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while they are mentioned in the essay, they are not the central argument. The essay focuses on the transition from printed material to digital and electronic options, making choice D the correct answer.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
Which of these descriptions provides the most detailed and objective support for the claim that drinking and driving is unsafe?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Congressional written testimony on drinking incidents provides the most detailed and factual data on the subject, making it the most objective support for the claim that drinking and driving is unsafe.
Choice A, the dramatized television commercial, may be emotionally impactful but lacks detailed data.
Choice B, the Department of Transportation's press release, focuses on enforcement actions rather than detailed information on the dangers.
Choice D, the highway bulletin warning of penalties, emphasizes consequences rather than providing detailed support for the claim.
Extract:
Chapter 5: Outdoor Activities: 1. Hiking - a. Gear, b. First Aid. 2. Camping - a. Tents & Gear, b. Camping Activities. 3. Cycling - a. Safety, b. Finding Cycling Trails. 4. Canoeing - a. Equipment, b. Tips for Maneuvering.
Question 4 of 5
According to the food chain diagram, which of the following animals has no natural predators?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Cobra. In the food chain diagram, cobras are often considered apex predators, meaning they are at the top of the food chain and do not have natural predators. Vultures (choice
A), although scavengers, may face competition but not direct predators. Mongooses (choice
C) are known for preying on snakes, including cobras, and aardvarks (choice
D) are part of the food chain and have predators like lions and hyenas.
Extract:
In an effort to conserve water, the town of Audley has asked resident and businesses to water their lawns just one day a week. It has provided the following schedule based on addresses: - Monday: addressing ending in 0 and 9 - Tuesday: addresses ending in 1 and 8 - Wednesday: addressing ending 2 and 7 - Thursday: addressing in 3 and 6 - Friday: addresses ending in 5 - Saturday: addressing ending in 4 Businesses with suite numbers should use the final number in the suit number to determine their watering schedule. The Morgan family lives at 5487 South Elm Street.
Question 5 of 5
Based on the information provided, what is the most logical reason for this?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The town of Audley has implemented a water conservation plan with specific watering schedules based on addresses. The city has designated different days for watering based on the ending digits of addresses, suggesting a concern for regulating water usage throughout the week. Choosing option D as the correct answer aligns with the logical reason behind the designated watering schedule. Option A is incorrect as the distribution of addresses ending with specific numbers is not the central reason for the watering schedule. Option B is incorrect as it generalizes that all addresses ending in specific numbers consume the most water, which is not supported by the provided information. Option C is incorrect as it assumes that residents at specific addresses are the most likely to consume more water, which is not explicitly stated in the given extract.