teas 7 practice test science - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, the cell wall. The cell wall is the structure in plant cells that provides rigidity and support. It is a tough, rigid structure located outside the cell membrane. Composed primarily of cellulose, the cell wall offers structural support to the cell, helping it maintain its shape and protect it from damage. The other choices, such as the cell membrane (choice
A), Golgi apparatus (choice
B), and plastid (choice
C) do not provide rigidity and support to plant cells. The cell membrane is a selectively permeable barrier, the Golgi apparatus is involved in processing and packaging proteins, and plastids are organelles responsible for functions like photosynthesis and storage, but they do not provide the structural support that the cell wall does.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The compound CH₃COOH is commonly known as acetic acid. Acetic acid is a clear, colorless liquid with a sour taste and a pungent smell. It is a weak acid found in vinegar and is used in the production of various chemicals. Formic acid, butyric acid, and propionic acid are different organic acids with distinct chemical structures and properties, but they are not the common name for the compound CH₃COOH.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Interference. Interference is the term used to describe the phenomenon when two waves combine to form a new wave. When waves interact constructively or destructively, they interfere with each other, resulting in a new wave pattern.
Choice A, Diffraction, refers to the bending of waves around obstacles, not the combination of waves.
Choice C, Refraction, is the bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another, not the combination of waves.
Choice D, Dispersion, is the separation of light into its different colors, not the combination of waves.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale:
A) Mutations in genes can introduce new genetic variations into a population, which can be acted upon by natural selection.

B) Differential survival and reproduction based on traits is a key component of natural selection, as individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and pass on their genes to the next generation.

C) Inheritance of acquired characteristics, also known as Lamarckism, is not a mechanism of evolution by natural selection. Traits acquired during an individual's lifetime (such as strong muscles from working out) are not passed on to offspring.

D) Competition for resources in an environment can drive natural selection by favoring individuals with traits that help them better compete for limited resources.


Therefore, the correct answer is
C) Inheritance of acquired characteristics (like strong muscles from working out), as it is not a mechanism that can directly cause evolution by natural selection.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Regeneration is the correct answer. It is the process by which damaged muscle tissue repairs and rebuilds itself. New muscle cells are formed during regeneration to replace the damaged ones, allowing the muscle to heal and regain its function. Degeneration refers to tissue breakdown, hyperplasia is the increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue, and metaplasia is the transformation of one type of tissue into another.