Practice Science TEAS Test - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (6 protons). The electron configuration provided corresponds to the element carbon, which has 6 protons. The mass number does not affect the number of protons in an atom, so despite the mass number of 14, the atom still contains 6 protons.
Choice A (14) is incorrect because the mass number does not determine the number of protons.

Choices C (8) and D (12) are incorrect as they do not match the number of protons in a carbon atom.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The primary function of the liver related to digestion is to filter and detoxify byproducts of digestion, including toxins and metabolic waste products. While the liver does produce bile and convert waste ammonia into urea, these functions are not directly related to digestion. Storing bile is mainly done by the gallbladder, not the liver.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The diaphragm plays a crucial role in respiration by contracting and expanding the lungs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, creating more space in the chest cavity and allowing the lungs to expand. This expansion leads to a decrease in pressure inside the lungs, causing air to rush in. When the diaphragm relaxes, it moves back up, decreasing the space in the chest cavity and causing the lungs to deflate. This action increases the pressure in the lungs, leading to air being pushed out.
Therefore, the diaphragm's main function is to facilitate the inhalation and exhalation of air by contracting and expanding the lungs.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the diaphragm's primary function is not to regulate air pressure in the lungs, store oxygen, or break down carbon dioxide. Instead, its main purpose is to aid in the mechanical process of breathing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Estrogen (
Choice
A). Estrogen is produced by the ovaries and is essential for the maturation of eggs. It plays a crucial role in the development of secondary sexual characteristics, regulation of the menstrual cycle, and preparation of the uterus for implantation of a fertilized egg. Luteinizing Hormone (
Choice
B) is released by the pituitary gland and plays a role in ovulation, not the maturation of eggs. Progesterone (
Choice
C) is produced by the ovaries after ovulation and is important for preparing the uterus for pregnancy, not maturing eggs. Testosterone (
Choice
D) is a male sex hormone primarily produced in the testes, and while small amounts are also produced in the ovaries, it is not the hormone responsible for maturing eggs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: Gene.' A gene is a segment of DNA and is smaller in scale than a chromosome. Genes are the fundamental units of heredity, containing the instructions for building and maintaining an organism. While a chromosome is a larger structure that carries many genes, each gene is a specific segment of DNA responsible for encoding a particular protein or RNA molecule.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. The 'Genome' (
Choice
A) refers to the complete set of an organism's genetic material, including all of its genes, while 'DNA' (
Choice
C) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions. 'All of the above' (
Choice
D) is incorrect because not all options have a smaller genetic scale than a chromosome.