TEAS Practice Test Science - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Vacuole. Vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles responsible for the storage of various substances such as food, water, and waste in a cell. They help maintain the cell's turgidity and regulate the movement of substances within the cell.
Choice A, Centriole, is involved in cell division and organization of microtubules but not food and water storage.
Choice B, Lysosome, contains digestive enzymes for breaking down cellular waste material and foreign invaders.
Choice C, Ribosome, is involved in protein synthesis rather than storage of food and water.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The thymus is the primary gland responsible for the maturation of T cells in the immune system. T cells are a type of white blood cell involved in the immune response. The hypothalamus is primarily involved in hormone regulation and maintaining homeostasis. The pineal gland is responsible for secreting melatonin and regulating the sleep-wake cycle. The thyroid gland plays a key role in metabolism regulation through the production of thyroid hormones.
Therefore, the correct answer is the thymus because it is specifically associated with the maturation of T cells, making it essential for proper immune function.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The pancreas plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels by producing both insulin and glucagon. Insulin helps lower blood sugar levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells, while glucagon raises blood sugar levels by stimulating the release of stored glucose into the bloodstream.
Choice A is incorrect because the pancreas produces both insulin and glucagon.
Choice C is incorrect because the pancreas does not store glucose; instead, it regulates glucose levels.
Choice D is incorrect because adrenaline is produced by the adrenal glands, not the pancreas, and is not directly involved in regulating blood sugar levels.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B:
To transport oxygen and nutrients. The primary function of the circulatory system is to deliver oxygen and essential nutrients to cells throughout the body and remove waste products like carbon dioxide.
Choice A is incorrect as regulating body temperature is primarily the function of the body's thermoregulatory system.
Choice C is incorrect as fighting infection is mainly the role of the immune system.
Choice D is incorrect as breaking down waste is primarily handled by the digestive system.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Vital capacity. Vital capacity represents the maximum volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after a maximum inhalation. Tidal volume (
Choice
A) is the volume of air inspired or expired during normal breathing at rest and is not the maximum capacity.
Total lung capacity (
Choice
B) refers to the maximum volume of air the lungs can accommodate including the residual volume, not just the expelled air. Ventilation rate (
Choice
C) is the rate at which air is moved in and out of the lungs, not the maximum volume of air that can be expelled.