HESI A2 Physics - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When the box is balanced at the edge of the table, it has potential energy due to its position above the ground. As Peter gives it a push, and it falls 2 meters to the floor, the box then has both kinetic energy (due to its motion) and potential energy (due to gravity).
Therefore, the correct statement is that the box had both kinetic and potential energy after it fell. Option A is incorrect because the box retains its energy forms even after hitting the floor. Option B is incorrect as the box has kinetic energy both before and after falling. Option D is incorrect as the box still possesses kinetic energy even after hitting the floor.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale:
To find the image distance of the candle, we use the mirror formula: 1/f = 1/do + 1/di, where f is the focal length, do is the object distance, and di is the image distance. In this case, the focal length f = 10 cm and the object distance do = 20 cm. Substituting these values into the formula gives us 1/10 = 1/20 + 1/di. Solving for di, we get di = 60 cm.
Therefore, the image distance of the candle is 60 cm.
Choice A (20 cm) is incorrect because it represents the object distance, not the image distance.
Choice B (40 cm) is incorrect as it does not consider the mirror formula calculation.
Choice D (75 cm) is incorrect as it does not match the correct calculation based on the mirror formula.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In an adiabatic process, choice A is correct because adiabatic processes involve no heat transfer between the system and its surroundings (Q = 0). This lack of heat transfer is a defining characteristic of adiabatic processes.

Choices B, C, and D do not accurately describe an adiabatic process.
Choice B refers to an isothermal process where temperature remains constant, not adiabatic.
Choice C describes an isobaric process with constant pressure, not specific to adiabatic processes.
Choice D mentions the conservation of energy but does not directly relate to the absence of heat transfer in adiabatic processes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale:
To find the magnitude of the resulting force between two charges, we can use Coulomb's law, which states that the force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The formula for Coulomb's law is:
F = k (|q1 q2| / r²),
where F is the force, k is the Coulomb constant, q1 and q2 are the charges, and r is the distance between the charges. Substituting the given values into the formula:
F = (9 10⁹ N·m²/C²) ((4 10⁻⁶
C) (2 10⁻⁶
C) / (1 m)²) = 0.04 N.

Therefore, the magnitude of the resulting force between the objects is 0.04 N.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Kinetic energy is determined by both the mass and the velocity of an object. While both the bicycle and the car are moving at the same velocity (5 m/s), the car has significantly more mass than the bicycle. As a result, the car has more kinetic energy than the bicycle, even though their speeds are identical.
Therefore, choice B is correct.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not consider the influence of mass on kinetic energy.
Choice A is incorrect as the car has more kinetic energy due to its greater mass.
Choice C is incorrect because the vehicles have different masses.
Choice D is incorrect as both the bicycle and the car possess kinetic energy.