HESI A2
HESI A2 Biology Practice Test 2024 Questions
Question 1 of 5
What type of transport moves substances across the cell membrane using energy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Active Transport. Active transport moves substances across the cell membrane by utilizing energy from the cell, typically in the form of ATP. This process allows the cell to move molecules against their concentration gradient, requiring energy expenditure.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because passive transport does not require energy input, facilitated diffusion involves the assistance of proteins but does not directly use energy, and osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules specifically, not substances, across a selectively permeable membrane.
Question 2 of 5
What is the term for the movement of ions and other molecular substances across cell membranes without the need for energy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Passive transport refers to the movement of substances across cell membranes without the need for energy input. In contrast, active transport, choice A, requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient. Diffusion, choice C, is a type of passive transport where substances move from an area of high concentration to low concentration. Osmosis, choice D, specifically refers to the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane.
Question 3 of 5
Where is the genetic code for each person stored?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The genetic code for each person is stored in DNA. DNA carries all the hereditary information, including unique traits and characteristics. RNA (
Choice
A) is involved in protein synthesis but does not hold the complete genetic code. The nucleus (
Choice
C) is a cellular organelle that houses the DNA, but it is not the genetic code itself. Chromosomes (
Choice
D) are structures made of DNA and proteins, but the genetic code is specifically encoded in the DNA molecule.
Question 4 of 5
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes align in the center of the cell?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is Metaphase. During Metaphase, the chromosomes line up along the center of the cell's equator, forming the metaphase plate. This alignment ensures that during the subsequent phase, Anaphase, the sister chromatids can separate and move towards opposite poles. Prophase is the initial phase of mitosis where chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope breaks down. Telophase is the final phase of mitosis where two new nuclei form.
Question 5 of 5
Which structure controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is the Cell Membrane. The cell membrane acts as a barrier that controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell. It is selectively permeable, allowing only certain molecules to pass through. Vacuole (
Choice
A), Nuclear Membrane (
Choice
C), and Cytoplasm (
Choice
D) do not primarily regulate the passage of substances in and out of the cell. Vacuoles are responsible for storage, the nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus providing protection, and the cytoplasm is the fluid where organelles are suspended.