HESI A2
HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which plane would you use to separate the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The transverse plane, also known as the horizontal plane, runs horizontally from left to right, dividing the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts. This plane is ideal for separating the abdominal cavity (located below) from the thoracic cavity (located above). The sagittal plane (choice
A) divides the body into left and right portions, the frontal plane (choice
C) divides the body into front and back portions, and the coronal plane (choice
D) is another term for the frontal plane.
Therefore, when looking to separate the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity, the transverse plane is the most appropriate choice.
Question 2 of 5
Which hormone is not produced by the pituitary gland?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is not produced by the pituitary gland. TRH is actually produced by the hypothalamus and acts on the pituitary gland to stimulate the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). On the other hand, FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), LH (luteinizing hormone), and ADH (antidiuretic hormone) are all hormones directly produced by the pituitary gland.
Question 3 of 5
Which part of the respiratory system is in the upper respiratory tract?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The upper respiratory tract includes structures such as the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx. These structures are responsible for filtering, warming, and humidifying the air. The lower respiratory tract comprises the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli. Bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli are all part of the lower respiratory system, involved in gas exchange.
Therefore, the correct answer is 'None of the above' as none of the listed options are part of the upper respiratory tract.
Question 4 of 5
In the human body, the ribs are ___________ to the lungs.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'C: anterior.' The term 'anterior' refers to a position in front of or toward the front of the body. In this case, the ribs are positioned in front of the lungs when considering the anatomical position. The term 'medial' means toward the midline of the body, 'superior' means above or higher in position, and 'deep' refers to a position farther from the surface or external part.
Therefore, the most appropriate choice is 'anterior' when describing the relationship between the ribs and the lungs.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is not an example of a nonspecific immune response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Production of antibodies.' Antibodies are generated as part of the specific immune response, which targets specific antigens. Nonspecific immune responses, such as inflammation, vasodilation, and histamine release, are general defense mechanisms aimed at combating various pathogens. Inflammation is a localized response to infection or injury, vasodilation increases blood flow to the affected area, and histamine release triggers inflammatory responses. It's vital to differentiate between nonspecific responses that provide immediate, general protection and specific responses designed to tackle particular threats.