Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of mitosis?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: A) The replication of DNA is a characteristic of mitosis. Before cell division occurs, the DNA is replicated to ensure that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information. B) The condensation of chromosomes is a characteristic of mitosis. During mitosis, the chromosomes condense and become visible under a microscope as distinct structures. C) The separation of sister chromatids is a crucial step in mitosis. During anaphase, the sister chromatids are pulled apart and move to opposite poles of the cell to ensure that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. D) The formation of haploid cells is NOT a characteristic of mitosis. Mitosis results in the formation of two identical diploid daughter cells, each containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Haploid cells are typically formed through the process of meiosis, not mitosis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms. It stores genetic information in the form of a code made up of four chemical bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). This genetic information is passed down from parents to offspring and is responsible for determining an organism's traits and characteristics. DNA's primary role is to store and transmit genetic information, making option C the correct answer. DNA does not provide energy for the cell (option A), determine the structure and function of proteins (option B), or control cell division (option D).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: A) This statement is incorrect. RNA polymerase and DNA polymerase are not identical in function and structure. They have different roles in the cell. B) This statement is correct. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase does not require a primer to initiate RNA synthesis. RNA polymerase can start the synthesis of RNA de novo. C) This statement is incorrect. RNA polymerase is specialized for synthesizing RNA, not DNA. DNA polymerase is responsible for synthesizing DNA. D) This statement is correct. RNA polymerase can only synthesize RNA, while DNA polymerase is responsible for synthesizing DNA.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Inertia is an object's resistance to a change in its state of motion, as described by Newton's first law. This means that an object will maintain its current state, whether it is stationary or moving at a constant velocity, unless it experiences an external force. Choices A and B illustrate specific instances of inertia where objects in motion or at rest continue as such without external interference. Option D refers to the force necessary to elevate an object, which is not directly linked to the concept of inertia.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Velocity is a vector quantity as it encompasses both magnitude (speed) and direction. When describing the motion of an object, it is crucial to consider both aspects. Speed (option A) is a scalar quantity, representing only the magnitude of motion without indicating direction. Distance (option B) is also a scalar quantity, indicating the extent of an object's motion without considering direction. Mass (option C) is a scalar quantity, measuring the amount of matter in an object and not involving direction.