HESI RN
HESI RN Patho Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
What is the inherent rate of the AV (atrioventricular) node area?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The AV node’s inherent pacemaker rate is 40-60 bpm (
A), slower than the SA node (60-100 bpm). 20-40 (
B) is too slow. 60-80 (
C) and 80-100 (
D) overlap with SA node rates.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client with a gunshot wound to the abdomen who is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) following a 3-hour surgical procedure. Which elevated laboratory value indicates pancreatic damage?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated lipase (
A) indicates pancreatic damage from trauma, as it’s released during injury. Myoglobinuria (
B) suggests muscle damage. Elevated WBC (
C) indicates inflammation/infection, not specific to pancreas. Bilirubin (
D) reflects liver/bile issues.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a young adult who reports uncontrolled acne vulgaris. Which pathological findings should the nurse observe on inspection of skin areas commonly affected in acne vulgaris?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This question is identical to Question 10. Acne vulgaris causes comedones, papules, and pustules from sebaceous hyperactivity (
C) on face/neck/back. Skin tags (
A) are benign. Hyperpigmentation (
B) follows acne. Scaling plaques (
D) indicate psoriasis. Note: Duplicate question; consider removing.
Question 4 of 5
An older male reports to the clinic nurse that he sometimes feels chest pressure and becomes breathless. He further describes an event where he had to sit for about one hour before he felt better. He is asymptomatic at rest, but is concerned that he has had a heart attack. This clinical picture is consistent with which cardiac ischemic event?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Stable angina (
C) causes predictable chest pressure with exertion, relieved by rest, as described. MI (
A) involves prolonged pain and necrosis, not relieved by rest. Unstable angina (
B) occurs at rest or with increasing severity. Prinzmetal angina (
D) is due to coronary spasm, often at rest with ECG changes.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing care for a client with a diagnosis of otosclerosis due to previous ear surgeries. Which type of pathological hearing loss supports the client’s clinical history?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Otosclerosis causes conductive hearing loss (
B) by immobilizing the stapes, impairing sound transmission. Presbycusis (
A) is age-related sensorineural loss. Endolymphatic (
C) relates to Ménière’s disease. Sensorineural loss (
D) involves inner ear/nerve damage.