HESI RN Patho Pharmacology | Nurselytic

Questions 54

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HESI RN Patho Pharmacology Questions

Extract:


Question 1 of 5

A client with chronic osteoarthritis is troubled by knee pain. Which pathophysiological process is contributing to the pain?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Osteoarthritis involves chondrocyte injury, cartilage loss, and osteophyte formation (
C), causing inflammation and pain. Crystal deposition (
A) indicates gout. Immune complex/autoantibody (
B) and autoimmune IgG (
D) describe rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 2 of 5

The nurse is caring for a client who experienced multiple invasive trauma from a motor vehicle collision and has developed systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Which pathophysiological process is most likely associated with the development of SIRS in this client?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: SIRS from trauma involves a systemic inflammatory response progressing to multiple organ dysfunction (
A). AKI (
B) is a specific organ injury, not the overarching process. Intestinal obstruction (
C) is unrelated unless perforated. Sepsis (
D) involves infection, not specified here.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse assesses the wound of a client who received sutures for a laceration of the hand two days ago. Which finding is a normal inflammatory response?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Redness and localized heat (
D) are normal inflammatory responses, indicating increased blood flow and immune activity. Shivering (
A) suggests systemic issues. Purulent drainage (
B) indicates infection. A temperature of 102°F (38.9°C, corrected from 37.8°
C) (
C) suggests infection, not normal healing.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is explaining the underlying cause of bruising with a client who is recently diagnosed with acute leukemia. Which pathophysiology is a result of the myeloblastic dysfunction of leukemia?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: This question is identical to Question 36. Leukemia-induced thrombocytopenia (
B) causes bruising by delaying clotting. Oxyhemoglobin (
A) is unrelated. Phagocytic deficiency (
C) affects infections. Iron deficiency (
D) causes anemia. Note: Duplicate question; consider removing.

Question 5 of 5

A client with end stage emphysema is experiencing poor gas exchange. Which respiratory structure is associated with the pathophysiological processes in emphysema?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Emphysema involves alveolar wall destruction (
D), reducing gas exchange surface area, causing hypoxemia. Bronchioles (
A) are affected in asthma/bronchitis. Trachea (
B) is a conduit. Bronchi (
C) are involved in bronchitis, not emphysema.

Similar Questions

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Which explanation should the nurse give to a male client on why benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) often causes urinary retention?
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The nurse is caring for a client with stage 4 chronic kidney disease. Which interpretation should the nurse make about the client’s glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

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