Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX RN Questions - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: During the induction stage of anesthesia, the client may exhibit symptoms like euphoria, drowsiness, or dizziness. This stage occurs after the administration of medications by the anesthesiologist and ends when the client loses consciousness.
Choice A is incorrect as irregular breathing patterns are not typically associated with the induction stage.
Choice B is incorrect as minimal heartbeat and dilated pupils are not commonly observed during this stage.
Choice C is incorrect as relaxed muscles, regular breathing, and constricted pupils are not indicative of the induction stage of anesthesia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Compartment syndrome is characterized by swelling and increased pressure within a muscle compartment, leading to decreased blood flow and oxygen supply to nerves and muscles. This can result from various causes, such as trauma or the application of a cast after a fracture. If left untreated, compartment syndrome can lead to tissue necrosis.
Choice A is incorrect as pain and tingling starting in the buttock and traveling down the leg are not specific features of compartment syndrome.
Choice C is incorrect as permanent flexion of the interphalangeal joint is unrelated to compartment syndrome.
Choice D is incorrect as pain and swelling of the median plantar nerve do not describe compartment syndrome.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Ulcerative colitis can lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, fever, diarrhea, and weight loss. This condition may impact the absorption of certain nutrients, including magnesium.
Therefore, patients with chronic gastrointestinal conditions like ulcerative colitis should be screened for electrolyte imbalances related to impaired digestion. Hyperthyroidism, arthritis, and depression do not typically directly affect magnesium levels in the same way as gastrointestinal conditions like ulcerative colitis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When preparing to give a stool sample for occult blood testing, clients need specific instructions to ensure accurate results. It is crucial to educate clients to avoid eating red meat for at least 3 days before the test, as the blood in the meat can interfere with the test results. Clients should be informed that the stool does not need to be kept in a container with preservative as it is not required for this type of testing. Additionally, clients should be aware that a small part of the stool from two areas will be tested using a smear. However, collecting the stool sample from the toilet after having a bowel movement is not recommended as it may introduce contaminants and affect the accuracy of the test.
Therefore, this information is not part of the correct teaching for the client preparing to give a stool sample for occult blood.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) measures levels of inflammation in the body. Elevated ESR levels are commonly seen in autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis due to the presence of inflammation. In women over 50 years old, a normal ESR is typically below 30 mm/hr.
Therefore, a result of 40 mm/hr is more indicative of arthritis in a 58-year-old individual.

Choices A, B, and C are below the normal ESR range for a woman of this age and would not be as strongly associated with arthritis.