HESI RN
HESI RN 301 Pharmacology Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
To detect common untoward effects of phenytoin, the nurse should assess a client with a seizure disorder for which sign or symptom?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phenytoin commonly causes gingival hyperplasia, requiring oral hygiene monitoring. Hypertension, edema, and hematuria are not typical side effects.
Question 2 of 5
Which instruction should the nurse provide an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) who is assisting with the personal care of a client receiving clopidogrel?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clopidogrel increases bleeding risk, so a soft toothbrush minimizes gum bleeding. Environment, rest, and bed elevation are unrelated to clopidogrel’s effects.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has a finger stick blood glucose level of 130 mg/dL (7.21 mmol/L). Prior to administering the scheduled dose of acarbose, the nurse is informed that morning meal trays will be 30 minutes late. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, must be taken with the first bite of a meal to manage postprandial glucose. Holding it until the meal arrives ensures proper timing and efficacy. Administering early, notifying the provider, or rechecking glucose are unnecessary.
Question 4 of 5
During an annual physical exam, an older adult tells the nurse of using goldenseal as an herbal supplement. Which additional history should the nurse gather from the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Goldenseal’s antimicrobial properties may affect infection response or interact with antibiotics. Recent infection history is critical. Weight, sleep, and forgetfulness are less relevant.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client receiving regular insulin prescribed per a sliding scale. If a dose of regular insulin is administered at 0730, which additional nursing action is indicated for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regular insulin peaks 2–3 hours after administration, risking hypoglycemia if not paired with food. Ensuring breakfast prevents this. Snacks, late assessments, or early glucose checks are less critical.