HESI RN
HESI RN 301 Pharmacology Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assessing a patient who is receiving metoprolol 2 days after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Which physiological action of metoprolol supports the desired or therapeutic response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, reduces heart rate and blood pressure, decreasing afterload to lower cardiac workload post-ACS. It reduces contractility, doesn’t increase preload, and increases filling time.
Question 2 of 5
Prior to administering oral doses of calcitriol and calcium carbonate to a client with hypoparathyroidism, the nurse notes that the client's total calcium level is 14 mg/dl (3.5 mmol/l). Which action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A calcium level of 14 mg/dL indicates hypercalcemia, risking toxicity. Both calcitriol and calcium carbonate increase calcium levels, so holding both and contacting the provider is safest.
Question 3 of 5
Prior to administration of the initial dose of the gastrointestinal (GI) agent misoprostol, which information should the nurse obtain from the patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Misoprostol can induce uterine contractions and miscarriage, making pregnancy a critical contraindication to assess before administration. Antiemetic use, aspirin allergy, and glaucoma history are less directly relevant.
Question 4 of 5
A client is receiving IV vancomycin and the nurse plans to draw blood for a peak and trough to determine the serum level of the medication. Which collection times provide the best determination of these levels?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vancomycin trough levels are measured 30 minutes before the next dose to assess the lowest concentration, ensuring therapeutic levels. Peak levels, though less commonly monitored, are taken immediately after infusion to capture the highest concentration. Other timings are less accurate for these purposes.
Question 5 of 5
A daily dose of aspirin 325 mg PO is most beneficial for an adult client with which medical diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aspirin 325 mg daily prevents clot formation in myocardial infarction patients, reducing recurrence risk. It’s not primary for gout, sepsis, or rheumatoid arthritis management.