HESI RN
HESI RN 301 Pharmacology Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A male client with dementia is admitted to the emergency department (ED) because he accidentally self-administered several doses of diltiazem. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diltiazem overdose can cause bradycardia or heart block, making continuous ECG monitoring critical. Blood pressure, gastric irritation, and consciousness are secondary concerns.
Question 2 of 5
Rivastigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, is prescribed for a female client with early stage Alzheimer's Disease. The client's daughter tells the nurse that she plans to start administering the drug when her mother's symptoms are no longer manageable, in hopes that her mother will not have to go to a nursing home. How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rivastigmine is most effective early in Alzheimer’s to manage symptoms and slow progression. Delaying until symptoms worsen reduces efficacy. Assessing mental status or confirming disease progression is secondary to correcting the timing misconception.
Question 3 of 5
A client who has dysphagia after a cerebral vascular accident (CVA) receives a new prescription for lansoprazole capsules via nasogastric tube (NGT). Which action should the nurse implement prior to administering the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lansoprazole granules are mixed with water for NGT administration to ensure proper delivery. Tablets are unsuitable, crushing alters efficacy, and applesauce is inappropriate for tube administration.
Question 4 of 5
A male client with dementia is admitted to the emergency department (ED) because he accidentally self-administered several doses of diltiazem. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diltiazem overdose can cause bradycardia or heart block, making continuous ECG monitoring critical. Blood pressure, gastric irritation, and consciousness are secondary concerns.
Question 5 of 5
Which instruction should the nurse provide an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) who is assisting with the personal care of a client receiving clopidogrel?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clopidogrel increases bleeding risk, so a soft toothbrush minimizes gum bleeding. Environment, rest, and bed elevation are unrelated to clopidogrel’s effects.