HESI RN
HESI RN 301 Pharmacology Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is given a new prescription for tiotropium via an inhalation device. Which statement indicates that the client understands the instructions for using this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tiotropium is a daily maintenance inhaler for COPD. The client’s statement about daily use is correct. It doesn’t thin sputum, isn’t used with other inhalers between doses, and isn’t for acute shortness of breath.
Question 2 of 5
A male client tells the home health nurse that he has started taking magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide to treat occasional heartburn. It is most important for the nurse to review the client's medical history regarding the presence of which disorder?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Magnesium and aluminum hydroxide are excreted renally, and renal disease can lead to accumulation, causing toxicity. Diabetes, thrombosis, and bronchitis are less directly affected.
Question 3 of 5
Digoxin and furosemide were prescribed for a client with chronic heart failure, and the home health nurse is evaluating the client's self-care knowledge of these drugs. Which statement indicates that the client has a good understanding about the use of these drugs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nausea and appetite loss are signs of digoxin toxicity, requiring provider notification, showing good understanding. Furosemide is taken regularly, not symptom-based, and blood pressure or weight-based dose adjustments need medical guidance.
Question 4 of 5
A client receives a prescription for methotrexate. Which information provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Methotrexate is teratogenic and contraindicated in pregnancy due to fetal harm risks. Weekly platelet counts monitor bone marrow suppression, folic acid mitigates side effects (though not specifically for liver protection), and room temperature storage is correct.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with heart failure (HF) develops hyperaldosteronism and spironolactone is prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse include in the patient's plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, risks hyperkalemia. Limiting potassium-rich foods is essential. Photosensitivity, salt substitutes (often potassium-based), and bruising are less relevant.