HESI RN
Hesi Med Surg Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which group of foods is best for the nurse to recommend for clients with a strong family history of colon and rectal cancers?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High-fiber foods like oatmeal, raisins, and fruit with skin reduce colorectal cancer risk by promoting gut health.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a history of hypothyroidism was initially admitted with lethargy and confusion. Which additional finding should the nurse act upon immediately?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A further decline in consciousness indicates worsening hypothyroidism or myxedema coma, requiring urgent intervention.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a seizure disorder is seen at the clinic for a follow-up visit and a prescription renewal for phenytoin. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Double vision, or diplopia, can indicate phenytoin toxicity, which is a serious condition that may lead to impaired vision and increased risk of falls or injuries. This side effect suggests that the patient may be experiencing adverse reactions to the medication, necessitating prompt evaluation and intervention, such as checking serum phenytoin levels and possibly adjusting the medication regimen.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Which diagnostic procedure should the nurse prepare the patient for?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A lumbar puncture is essential for confirming bacterial meningitis by analyzing cerebrospinal fluid, making it the priority diagnostic procedure.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has an arteriovenous (AV) graft in the right forearm for hemodialysis access. The nurse auscultates a bruit over the graft area. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A bruit indicates a patent AV graft, a normal finding that should be documented.