HESI RN
Hesi Med Surg Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The healthcare provider prescribes diagnostic tests for a patient whose chest x-ray indicates pneumonia. Which diagnostic test should the nurse prepare the patient for?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A sputum culture and sensitivity test identifies the causative organism of pneumonia, guiding appropriate antibiotic therapy.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing a client for surgery who was admitted to the emergency center following a motor vehicle collision. The client has a fracture of the femur and is bleeding at the bone protrusion site. During the preoperative assessment, the nurse determines that the client currently receives heparin subcutaneously daily. Which is the priority nursing action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Notifying the healthcare provider of the client's heparin use is critical as it increases bleeding risk, requiring potential adjustments to the surgical plan or anticoagulation management.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a full-thickness burn covering 40% of their body is exhibiting purulent drainage at the wound site. Before reporting this finding to the healthcare provider, which of the patient's laboratory values should the nurse review?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: WBC count indicates infection, relevant to purulent drainage in a burn wound.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a seizure disorder is seen at the clinic for a follow-up visit and a prescription renewal for phenytoin. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Double vision, or diplopia, can indicate phenytoin toxicity, which is a serious condition that may lead to impaired vision and increased risk of falls or injuries. This side effect suggests that the patient may be experiencing adverse reactions to the medication, necessitating prompt evaluation and intervention, such as checking serum phenytoin levels and possibly adjusting the medication regimen.
Question 5 of 5
A client experiences an ABO incompatibility reaction after multiple blood transfusions. Which finding should the nurse report immediately to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lower back pain and hypotension signify a severe ABO incompatibility reaction, necessitating urgent reporting to prevent life-threatening complications such as renal failure or disseminated intravascular coagulation.