HESI RN
RN HESI Pharmacology Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
To control asthma, a client in a residential treatment facility uses a fluticasone propionate and salmeterol discus inhalation system, which provides an inhaled powdered form of these combined medications. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client's caregivers?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fluticasone/salmeterol is a maintenance therapy, not for acute asthma attacks, and should be used no more than twice daily to avoid side effects like oral thrush. Exhaling into the discus risks clumping the powder, and hypotension is not a common side effect.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who takes methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis and receives a prescription for adalimumab. Which instructions should the nurse provide the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adalimumab, an immunosuppressant, increases infection risk. Avoiding crowds and sick individuals minimizes exposure, protecting the client’s compromised immune system. Chest x-rays, vaccinations, or eye exams are not specifically required for adalimumab initiation.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client how to use an inhaler device. Which client statement indicates to the nurse that the client understands the instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth after inhaler use, especially with corticosteroids, prevents oral thrush by removing residual medication. Bedtime-only use, meal timing, or caffeine limits are incorrect and unrelated to proper inhaler technique.
Question 4 of 5
The healthcare provider prescribes magnesium sulfate 300 mg/hour IV. The IV bag contains magnesium sulfate 4 grams in dextrose 5% in water (D5W) 500 mL. How many mL/hour should the nurse set the infusion pump? (Enter numerical value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)
Correct Answer: 37.5
Rationale: Convert 4 grams to 4000 mg. Infusion rate = (300 mg/hr) ÷ (4000 mg/500 mL) = 300 × 500 ÷ 4000 = 37.5 mL/hr. The pump should be set to 37.5 mL/hr.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has been prescribed gabapentin 300 mg by mouth (PO) three times a day for postherpetic neuralgia. Which symptom should the nurse tell the client to report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rapid weight gain may indicate fluid retention or other complications, requiring provider evaluation, though not a common gabapentin side effect. Photosensitivity, gastric irritation, and sexual dysfunction are less associated with gabapentin and less urgent.