HESI RN
RN HESI Pharmacology Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client who is taking an oral contraceptive receives a new prescription for erythromycin. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Erythromycin may reduce oral contraceptive efficacy by altering metabolism. Using additional contraception (e.g., condoms) prevents unintended pregnancy. Stopping the contraceptive, spacing doses, or avoiding sunlight are not necessary.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a fungal infection of the toenail reports to the nurse that the client has been applying an over-the-counter (OTC) triple antibiotic ointment to the infection daily for two weeks without any improvement. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: OTC triple antibiotic ointment is ineffective for fungal infections. Oral terbinafine, a prescription antifungal, effectively treats toenail fungus by penetrating the nail. Increasing ointment frequency or reassuring about duration without changing treatment is inappropriate.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antiretrovirals reduce viral load and transmission risk but do not fully prevent HIV transmission; safe practices are still needed. The other statements are accurate regarding HIV management and ART benefits.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate to a client in acute kidney injury (AKI). Which laboratory finding indicates that the medication has been effective? Reference Range: Glucose [74 to 106 mg/dL (4.1 to 5.9 mmol/L)] Hemoglobin [14 to 18 g/dL (140 to 180 g/L)] Potassium [3.5 to 5 mEq/L (3.5 to 5 mmol/L)] Ammonia [10 to 80 pg/dL (6 to 47 μmol/dL)]
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate lowers potassium by exchanging sodium for potassium in the gut. A potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (normal range) indicates effective hyperkalemia treatment in AKI. Ammonia, hemoglobin, and glucose are unaffected by this medication.
Question 5 of 5
A client with chronic lower back pain has been taking ibuprofen PO twice a day for several months. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to complete?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Long-term ibuprofen use risks gastrointestinal bleeding or ulcers. Assessing for abdominal pain detects these serious side effects. Pulse volume, pain levels, or sleep patterns are less critical to NSAID-related complications.