HESI RN
RN HESI Pharmacology Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client who is newly diagnosed with diabetes insipidus (DI) is receiving a synthetic vasopressin intravenously. Which side effect of vasopressin reported by the client should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Worsening headache may indicate water intoxication or hyponatremia from excessive vasopressin-induced water retention, requiring immediate provider notification. Polyuria, low specific gravity, and polydipsia are DI symptoms, not vasopressin side effects.
Question 2 of 5
A client with benign prostatic hyperplasia receives a new prescription of tamsulosin. Which intervention should the nurse perform to monitor for an adverse reaction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tamsulosin, an alpha-1 blocker, can cause orthostatic hypotension, risking dizziness or fainting. Monitoring blood pressure detects this adverse reaction. Urine output, weights, or bladder scans assess BPH symptoms, not tamsulosin’s side effects.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client how to use an inhaler device. Which client statement indicates to the nurse that the client understands the instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth after inhaler use, especially with corticosteroids, prevents oral thrush by removing residual medication. Bedtime-only use, meal timing, or caffeine limits are incorrect and unrelated to proper inhaler technique.
Question 4 of 5
A client with nasal congestion receives a prescription for phenylephrine 10 mg PO every 4 hours. Which client condition should the nurse report to the healthcare provider before administering the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenylephrine, a vasoconstrictor, can elevate blood pressure, exacerbating hypertension and risking complications. Reporting this condition ensures safe use or alternative treatments. Bronchitis, edema, or diarrhea are less critical contraindications.
Question 5 of 5
A client who received a renal transplant three months ago is readmitted to the acute care unit with signs of graft rejection. While taking the client's history, the nurse determines that the client has been self-administering St. John's Wort, an herbal preparation, on the advice of a friend. Which information is most significant about this finding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: St. John's Wort induces liver enzymes (CYP3A4), reducing cyclosporine levels, an immunosuppressant critical for preventing transplant rejection. This interaction increases rejection risk, making it the most significant finding. Corticosteroid needs, depression, or sodium intake are less critical.