HESI RN Med Surg Exam 3

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

The nurse is caring for an older adult client with Alzheimer's disease who becomes increasingly agitated and is speaking to someone who is not visible to the nurse. Which action should the nurse implement?

Correct Answer: Using distraction and therapeutic communication skills is the best approach. This strategy helps redirect the client's attention to a calming activity, reducing agitation.

Rationale:

Question 2 of 5

The nurse reviews discharge instructions with a client who has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which instruction is most important for the nurse to emphasize?

A. Minimize intake of spicy foods. B. Begin a smoking cessation program. C. Avoid wearing tight-fitting clothes. D. Remain upright following meals. G. D

Correct Answer: Remaining upright following meals is crucial to prevent stomach contents from flowing back into the oesophagus.

Rationale:

Question 3 of 5

The nurse is caring for a client with emphysema who is mildly dyspneic after ambulation. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client to improve gas exchange?

A. Draw air in through the nose and exhale slowly through pursed lips. B. Increase breathing rate for a full 30 seconds. C. Raise hands above the head to expand the diaphragm. D. Lay down on each side with knees bent and breathe from the abdomen. G. A

Correct Answer: Pursed-lip breathing helps improve gas exchange by keeping airways open longer during exhalation.

Rationale:

Question 4 of 5

An adult client has been admitted to the hospital with asthma exacerbation. Which trigger should the nurse identify as being the most significant cause of this client's asthma complications?

A. The client gained 5 pounds (2.27 kg) over the last six months. B. A family member recently contracted viral influenza. C. There is a known family history of lung disease. D. The client cleaned house with cleaning supplies. G. D

Correct Answer: Cleaning with household supplies is a significant trigger due to chemical irritants provoking asthma attacks.

Rationale:

Question 5 of 5

A client reports a 2-day history of fever, vomiting, and diarrhea. The healthcare provider prescribes serum electrolyte levels to be obtained. Which laboratory results should the nurse expect?

A. Serum potassium 5.0 me/L (5.0 mmol/L), serum sodium 138 me/L (138 mmol/L). B. Serum potassium 4.5 me/L (4.5 mmol/L), serum sodium 140 me/L (140 mmol/L). C. Serum potassium 3.5 me/L (3.5 mmol/L), serum sodium 142 me/L (142 mmol/L). D. Serum potassium 3.0 me/L (3.0 mmol/L), serum sodium 149 me/L (149 mmol/L). G. D

Correct Answer: Serum potassium of 3.0 me/L and sodium of 149 me/L indicate hypokalaemia and hypernatremia, expected with dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea.

Rationale:

HESI RN Med Surg Exam 3 | Nurselytic

Nurselytic

HESI RN

HESI RN