HESI RN
HESI RN Med Surg Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with emphysema who is mildly dyspneic after ambulation. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client to improve gas exchange?
Correct Answer: Pursed-lip breathing helps improve gas exchange by keeping airways open longer during exhalation.
Rationale:
Question 2 of 5
Which technique should the nurse use when assessing for early signs of rheumatoid arthritis?
Correct Answer: Observing the client's fingers is crucial because early signs of rheumatoid arthritis often present in the small joints of the hands and fingers.
Rationale:
Question 3 of 5
A client with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is admitted to the medical unit. Which assessment finding requires the most immediate intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: Vomiting coffee-grounds emesis indicates gastrointestinal bleeding, requiring immediate intervention.
Rationale:
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is obtaining a health history from a new client who has a history of kidney stones. Which statement by the client indicates an increased risk for renal calculi?
Correct Answer: Eating cheese frequently can increase the risk of calcium oxalate stones due to high calcium content.
Rationale:
Question 5 of 5
A client with a bowel obstruction is experiencing intractable vomiting for the last several hours despite the administration of prescribed antiemetics. The nurse obtains the client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results which identify a pH of 7.50, a PaCO2 of 42 mm Hg, and an HCO3 of 33 me/L (33 mmol/L). The nurse should interpret these results as confirming which acid-base imbalance?
Correct Answer: Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and elevated HCO3, resulting from loss of stomach acid due to vomiting.
Rationale: