HESI RN
RN Medical Surgical HESI Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with chemotherapy-induced mucositis who is describing soreness of the tongue and oral issues. Which is the best initial nursing action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frequent mouth care prevents worsening of mucositis by removing debris and soothing tissues. Other actions are secondary or potentially harmful (e.g., swabs may damage mucosa).
Question 2 of 5
A client presents with the onset of a severe headache, fever, nuchal rigidity, and a petechial rash on arms and legs. The nurse recognizes the client is exhibiting symptoms of which condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Symptoms like headache, fever, nuchal rigidity, and petechial rash are classic for meningococcal meningitis, a bacterial infection requiring urgent treatment.
Question 3 of 5
After performing a head-to-toe assessment for a client with Addison's disease, the nurse reports findings to the healthcare provider. The findings include moist mucous membranes, strong palpable peripheral pulses, and blood pressure 132/88 mm Hg. The client verbalizes understanding of the illness and importance of taking medications every day. Which action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: With stable vital signs, adequate hydration, and good self-care knowledge, the client is ready for discharge. The other actions are unnecessary given the client's stable condition.
Question 4 of 5
Five months following treatment for Herpes zoster (shingles), an older adult client tells the home health nurse of continuing to experience pain where the rash occurred. Which action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Persistent pain after shingles suggests postherpetic neuralgia, requiring a thorough pain assessment to guide treatment.
Question 5 of 5
A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia has a CD4+ T cell count of 200 cells/mm³ (20%). The client asks the nurse why they have these recurring massive infections. Which pathophysiologic mechanism should the nurse describe in response to this client's question?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: HIV destroys CD4+ T cells, impairing cellular immunity and macrophage activation, leading to opportunistic infections like Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia.