HESI RN
RN Medical Surgical HESI Questions
Extract:
The client is a 68-year-old with a history of diabetes, hypertension (HTN), coronary artery disease (CAD), and recently diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). She has been placed on hemodialysis three times a week for one month. She presents to the emergency department (ED) with fatigue, generalized weakness, muscle cramps, tingling sensation in arms and legs, and lightheadedness following 3 days of illness during which her husband reports she has complained of nausea and had a poor appetite and was not able to go for her scheduled dialysis.
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the physician orders. Which of the following physician's orders requires priority attention from the nurse? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: F,G
Rationale: Cardiac monitor and EKG are priorities due to chest discomfort and CAD history, indicating possible myocardial infarction or arrhythmia.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who had an appendectomy 4 hours ago. Which finding requires immediate action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A high-pitched sound (stridor) indicates airway obstruction, a life-threatening emergency requiring immediate action. Other findings are expected or less urgent post-appendectomy.
Question 3 of 5
A client who received 6 units of packed red blood cells 3 days ago for a lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleed is now displaying signs of shortness of breath with occasional stridor and is reporting muscle cramping. Which serum laboratory value should the nurse immediately report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypocalcemia (calcium 6.5 mg/dL) can cause stridor and muscle cramping, especially after blood transfusions due to citrate binding. This critical value requires immediate reporting.
Question 4 of 5
The client is a 19-year-old male who sustained a closed skull fracture and a humerus fracture while skateboarding. A cast was applied to the right arm to stabilize the humerus, and the client will be admitted to monitor his neurological status. Specify which potential condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's response.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Compartment syndrome is likely due to cast-related pressure. Elevate the extremity and remove the cast to relieve pressure. Monitor capillary refill and blood pressure for perfusion.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing an older client for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast. Which laboratory value should the nurse report to the healthcare provider before the scan is performed?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Serum creatinine of 1.9 mg/dL indicates renal insufficiency, increasing the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy. This must be reported to assess the safety of administering contrast media.