HESI RN
RN Medical Surgical HESI Questions
Extract:
The patient is a 68-year-old with a history of diabetes, hypertension (HTN), coronary artery disease (CAD), and recently diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). She has been placed on hemodialysis three times a week for one month. She presents to the emergency department (ED) with fatigue, generalized weakness, muscle cramps, tingling sensation in arms and legs, and lightheadedness following 3 days of illness during which her husband reports she has complained of nausea and had a poor appetite and was not able to go for her scheduled dialysis 2 days ago.
Question 1 of 5
For each assessment finding, explain whether the actions taken were effective or ineffective.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Denying symptoms, normalized vitals, potassium, and dialysis commitment indicate effective actions. Misunderstandings about Lisinopril and diet suggest ineffective education.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A patient experiences residual effects following an acute attack of Ménière's disease and receives a new prescription for an antihistamine. Which assessment finding indicates that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antihistamines reduce vertigo in Ménière's disease by decreasing inner ear fluid buildup. Ambulating without vertigo indicates effectiveness.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse prepares a teaching plan for an adult client with metabolic syndrome. Which finding(s) should the nurse address to help the client reduce the risk for diabetes mellitus and vascular disease? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Abdominal obesity, hypertension, high triglycerides, and hyperglycemia are metabolic syndrome components that increase diabetes and vascular disease risk. Elevated HDL is protective, and hypothyroidism is not directly related.
Question 4 of 5
An older adult client with symptoms of osteoarthritis asks the nurse which form of exercise would be most beneficial. Which is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Swimming is a low-impact exercise that strengthens muscles and improves joint flexibility without stressing arthritic joints, making it ideal for osteoarthritis.
Question 5 of 5
A client with acute renal injury (AKI) weighs 110.3 pounds (50 kg) and has a potassium level of 6.7 mEq/L (6.7 mmol/L) is admitted to the hospital. Which prescribed medication should the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is prioritized because it directly addresses hyperkalemia (elevated potassium), a life-threatening condition in AKI that can cause cardiac arrhythmias. The other medications address phosphorus levels or anemia, which are less urgent.