HESI RN
HESI RN Med Surg Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension who arrived at the clinic for a scheduled visit. Which finding should the nurse recognize as a possible complication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because elevated serum creatinine suggests kidney dysfunction, a complication of diabetes and hypertension.
Choice A is slightly elevated but not specific.
Choice B is expected in diabetes.
Choice D indicates good control.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse has conducted a cancer prevention community education program. In evaluating the participants' understanding of carcinogens, which statement indicates an accurate understanding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B for the same reasons as Question 20: carcinogens alter DNA, causing cancer.
Choice A misstates cancer spread.
Choice C is incorrect about cancerous cells.
Choice D overstates unavoidable exposure.
Question 3 of 5
A client who suffered an electrical injury with the entrance site on the left hand and the exit site on the left foot is admitted to the burn unit. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in this client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because electrical injuries can cause cardiac arrhythmias, making continuous monitoring critical.
Choice A supports mobility but is not urgent.
Choice B is routine but less critical.
Choice D is important but secondary to cardiac monitoring.
Question 4 of 5
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) missed dialysis yesterday to attend a funeral. The client's spouse calls the home health nurse and reports that the client is lethargic and hard to arouse. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to provide?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because missed dialysis can cause severe electrolyte imbalances and fluid overload, requiring urgent medical evaluation.
Choice A is not targeted to the cause.
Choice C assesses access but not the acute issue.
Choice D is a general recommendation, not urgent.
Question 5 of 5
A client with diabetes mellitus is admitted with an upper respiratory infection. Which changes in blood glucose management should the nurse tell the client to expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because infections increase blood glucose levels due to the body's stress response, often requiring higher insulin doses to maintain control.
Choice A is incorrect as more frequent glucose monitoring is typically needed during illness.
Choice B, while important for hydration, is not directly related to blood glucose management.
Choice D is inappropriate as adequate nutrition supports recovery.