HESI RN 301 Pharmacology Final Exam

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

The healthcare provider prescribes the anticoagulant heparin for a client with a pulmonary embolism. Before initiating the medication, the nurse should ensure that which drug is readily available in case of heparin overdose?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Protamine sulfate reverses heparin’s anticoagulant effects in overdose. Warfarin and vitamin K are for other anticoagulants, and diphenhydramine is unrelated.

Question 2 of 5

The nurse is caring for a client receiving regular insulin prescribed per a sliding scale. If a dose of regular insulin is administered at 0730, which additional nursing action is indicated for this client?

A. Ensure that the client eats breakfast. B. Provide a mid-afternoon snack for the client. C. Assess the client for hypoglycemia around 1500. D. Perform a glucometer reading at 1000.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Regular insulin peaks 2–3 hours after administration, risking hypoglycemia if not paired with food. Ensuring breakfast prevents this. Snacks, late assessments, or early glucose checks are less critical.

Question 3 of 5

A client who is a vegetarian has a new prescription for warfarin. The client reports eating leafy green vegetables every day. How should the nurse respond?

A. Advise the client that the healthcare provider needs to be made aware of the current diet. B. Suggest that the client replace the leafy vegetables with a protein source such as nuts or beans. C. Confirm that the clients diet choices will help the medication be more effective in preventing blood clots. D. Commend the patient for a healthy lifestyle and encourage the client to continue current diet habits.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Leafy greens, high in vitamin K, can reduce warfarin’s effectiveness. The provider needs to know to adjust dosing. Replacing greens, claiming enhanced efficacy, or encouraging unchanged habits are incorrect.

Question 4 of 5

Digoxin and furosemide were prescribed for a client with chronic heart failure, and the home health nurse is evaluating the client's self-care knowledge of these drugs. Which statement indicates that the client has a good understanding about the use of these drugs?

A. I need to notify my healthcare provider if I lose my appetite or get nauseated.' B. I should take my furosemide only if I have shortness of breath or swelling in my feet.' C. I need to check my blood pressure three times a day.' D. If I lose more than one pound in a week, I should hold my next dose of furosemide.'

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Nausea and appetite loss are signs of digoxin toxicity, requiring provider notification, showing good understanding. Furosemide is taken regularly, not symptom-based, and blood pressure or weight-based dose adjustments need medical guidance.

Question 5 of 5

The nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which action should the nurse plan to include in the discharge teaching?

A. Teach the client self-injection skills for daily subcutaneous administration. B. Demonstrate how to select dose based on before meal blood sugar readings. C. Explain to the family how to inject this medication for severe hypoglycemia. D. Provide information on increasing medication dosage if ketoacidosis occurs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Insulin glargine requires daily subcutaneous injection, so teaching self-injection is essential. It’s not dosed by meal glucose, used for hypoglycemia, or adjusted for ketoacidosis.

HESI RN 301 Pharmacology Final Exam | Nurselytic

Nurselytic

HESI RN

HESI RN