HESI RN 301 Pharmacology Final Exam

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

The healthcare provider prescribes the antibiotic tetracycline HCl for an adult client that arrived at an outpatient clinic. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan for this client?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Tetracycline increases photosensitivity, requiring sun protection. Orange juice, milk, and antacids reduce absorption, and weekly serum levels aren’t typically needed.

Question 2 of 5

Digoxin and furosemide were prescribed for a client with chronic heart failure, and the home health nurse is evaluating the client's self-care knowledge of these drugs. Which statement indicates that the client has a good understanding about the use of these drugs?

A. I need to notify my healthcare provider if I lose my appetite or get nauseated.' B. I should take my furosemide only if I have shortness of breath or swelling in my feet.' C. I need to check my blood pressure three times a day.' D. If I lose more than one pound in a week, I should hold my next dose of furosemide.'

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Nausea and appetite loss are signs of digoxin toxicity, requiring provider notification, showing good understanding. Furosemide is taken regularly, not symptom-based, and blood pressure or weight-based dose adjustments need medical guidance.

Question 3 of 5

A client is receiving IV vancomycin and the nurse plans to draw blood for a peak and trough to determine the serum level of the medication. Which collection times provide the best determination of these levels?

A. Immediately after completion of the IV dose and 30 minutes before the next administration of the medication. B. One hour after completion of the IV dose and one hour before the next administration of the medication. C. Two hours after completion of the IV dose and two hours before the next administration of the medication. D. Thirty minutes into the administration of the IV dose and 30 minutes before the next administration of the medication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Vancomycin trough levels are measured 30 minutes before the next dose to assess the lowest concentration, ensuring therapeutic levels. Peak levels, though less commonly monitored, are taken immediately after infusion to capture the highest concentration. Other timings are less accurate for these purposes.

Question 4 of 5

A male client is admitted for observation because he is reporting progressively increasing fatigue over the past month and a brief episode of dizziness that occurred today. He has a history of heartburn and indigestion that he self-treats with ibuprofen and antacids. Which assessment finding should the nurse report immediately to the healthcare provider?

A. Hematocrit 42% (0.42 volume fraction). B. Positive guaiac of stool. C. Gastric pH 2. D. Hemoglobin 13 g/dL (8.07 mmol/L).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Positive guaiac indicates gastrointestinal bleeding, likely from ibuprofen-induced ulcers, requiring urgent reporting. Normal hematocrit, gastric pH, and slightly low hemoglobin are less immediate.

Question 5 of 5

A male client reports to the nurse that he is experiencing gastrointestinal (GI) distress from a high dose of a corticosteroid and is planning to stop taking the medication. In response to the client's statement, which nursing action is most important for the nurse to implement?

A. Assess the client for other indications of adverse effects of corticosteroid use. B. Advise the client that the medication should be stopped gradually rather than abruptly. C. Encourage the client to take the medication with food to decrease GI distress. D. Review the client's dosing schedule to ensure he is taking the prescribed amount.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Abruptly stopping corticosteroids risks adrenal insufficiency. Advising gradual tapering is critical. Assessing other effects, taking with food, or reviewing dosing are secondary.

HESI RN 301 Pharmacology Final Exam | Nurselytic

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HESI RN

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