HESI RN
HESI RN 311 Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient with peptic ulcer disease is scheduled to receive doses of pantoprazole IV and sucralfate PO before breakfast at 0800. The patient reports experiencing heartburn. The nurse brings the scheduled medications. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Administering both medications before breakfast (
D) ensures optimal efficacy. Sucralfate forms a protective ulcer barrier on an empty stomach, 1 hour before meals. Pantoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, reduces acid production and is most effective before meals. Antacids (
A) interfere with sucralfate absorption. Taking sucralfate with food (
B) reduces efficacy. Delaying pantoprazole (
C) decreases acid suppression.
Question 2 of 5
A female client with mild depression reports to the nurse that she recently started taking St. John’s wort. Which information provided by the client requires further instruction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: St. John’s wort induces cytochrome P450 enzymes, reducing hormonal contraceptive efficacy (
B), requiring additional contraception. Insomnia (
A), photosensitivity (
C), and dry mouth (D, managed with hard candy) are known side effects, correctly understood.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is administering sucralfate to a client with stomatitis secondary to chemotherapy. The client wants to take the medication after breakfast. How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sucralfate requires an empty stomach, 1 hour before meals (
B), to coat ulcers/stomatitis effectively. Documenting refusal (
A) is premature without education. Post-meal dosing (C,
D) reduces efficacy due to food interference.
Question 4 of 5
A client with chronic asthma receives a prescription for montelukast, a leukotriene modifier. Which statement by the client indicates to the nurse that medication teaching was effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Montelukast is a maintenance drug taken daily, typically in the evening (
C), to prevent asthma symptoms by reducing airway inflammation. It is not for acute attacks (A,
D). It does not replace inhalers (
B), which remain critical for asthma control.
Question 5 of 5
Levothyroxine sodium is prescribed for a client with hypothyroidism. The nurse should instruct the client to report which symptom because it indicates that the client is taking too much levothyroxine sodium?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Excess levothyroxine causes hyperthyroidism symptoms, including restlessness (
C) due to increased metabolism. Constipation (
A), cold intolerance (
B), and decreased appetite (
D) indicate hypothyroidism, not overdose.