HESI RN
HESI Pharmacology Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client’s ability to swallow. Which of the following, when selected by the nurse, indicates an understanding of the cranial nerve that tests the ability to swallow?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) controls swallowing and the gag reflex. Selecting this nerve demonstrates understanding. The facial (VII) nerve manages facial expressions, trigeminal (V) handles chewing, and hypoglossal (XII) controls tongue movements.
Question 2 of 5
A client receives a new prescription for levothyroxine. Which statement made by the client indicates to the nurse the education was effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Levothyroxine is best absorbed on an empty stomach, at least 30 minutes before breakfast, to ensure optimal efficacy. High-iodine foods may affect thyroid function, bedtime dosing risks insomnia, and iron supplements should be taken separately but not avoided entirely.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a client who is taking ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets, which were prescribed because of a suspected anthrax exposure. Which instruction(s) should be included in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Ciprofloxacin is linked to tendonitis and rupture, requiring immediate reporting of tendon pain/swelling. Increased fluid intake prevents crystalluria, a side effect. Crushing tablets may alter efficacy, and NSAIDs increase seizure risk with ciprofloxacin, making these incorrect.
Extract:
Nurses Notes
The client is a 26-year-old female with acute appendicitis. She has a 12-year history of type 1 diabetes and no other significant medical history. The appendectomy was completed without issue, and the client will be admitted to the surgical floor to recover.
Laboratory Results
0730
Admitted the client. She is awake and alert. She rates her pain 2/10. Her pulses are equal bilaterally. Heart rate is 76 beats per minute, normal sinus rhythm. Her oxygen saturation is 100% on room air. She has a gauze dressing over her surgical site, which is clean and dry. Her temperature is 98.5° F (37° C). She urinated 50 ml upon arrival in the unit and is stating she is very thirsty. The patient states her last insulin glargine dose was this morning before surgery.
Flow Sheet
0745
2 units insulin lispro given
1800
12 units insulin glargine given
The client ate 45 carbohydrates from her dinner tray. 3 units of insulin lispro given.
Orders
• Admit to the surgical floor
• Dextrose 5% and 0.9% sodium chloride to infuse at 125 mL/hr
• Advance diet as tolerated
• Insulin glargine 12 units subcutaneous every 12 hours
• Ceftriaxone 2 g IV every 24 hours for 3 days, first dose given in surgery
• Insulin lispro 1 unit subcutaneously per 15 carbohydrates
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing the client for discharge and discussing home medications. What home medications may affect the amount of insulin needed by the client? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: St. John’s Wort may reduce insulin effectiveness, corticosteroids cause insulin resistance, fluconazole enhances hypoglycemia, and oral contraceptives increase glucose levels, all requiring insulin adjustments. Ibuprofen has minimal impact on glucose control.
Extract:
Nurses Notes
0730
Admitted the client. She is awake and alert. She rates her pain 2/10. Her pulses are equal bilaterally. Heart rate is 76 beats per minute, normal sinus rhythm. Her oxygen saturation is 100% on room air. She has a gauze dressing over her surgical site, which is clean and dry. Her temperature is 98.5° F (37° C).
She urinated 50 ml upon arrival in the unit and is stating she is very thirsty. The patient states her last insulin glargine dose was this morning before surgery.
Orders
• Admit to the surgical floor
• Dextrose 5% and 0.9% sodium chloride to infuse at 125 mL/hr
• Advance diet as tolerated
• Insulin glargine 12 units subcutaneously every 12 hours
• Ceftriaxone 2 g IV every 24 hours for 3 days, first dose given in surgery
• Insulin lispro 1 unit subcutaneously per 15 carbohydrates
Question 5 of 5
The nurse prepares to give 2 units of insulin lispro. What should the nurse double-check with a second nurse? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,E,G
Rationale: Double-checking the vial’s color/clarity ensures insulin stability, the dose in the syringe prevents errors, the expiration date confirms potency, and the concentration (e.g., U-100) ensures accurate dosing. History, sliding scale, and injection site do not require dual verification.