RN Medical Surgical HESI | Nurselytic

Questions 42

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RN Medical Surgical HESI Questions

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Question 1 of 5

A client with gouty arthritis reports tenderness and swelling of the right ankle and great toe. The nurse observes the area of inflammation extends above the ankle area. The client receives prescriptions for colchicine and indomethacin. Which instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Colchicine and indomethacin can cause liver toxicity, necessitating periodic liver function tests. Massaging joints, limiting mobility aids, or drinking fruit juices (high in fructose) are not advised.

Question 2 of 5

A client has an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 500/mm³ (0.5 x 10⁹/L) after completing chemotherapy. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Severe neutropenia (ANC 500/mm³) increases infection risk, making protective isolation critical to prevent exposure to pathogens.

Question 3 of 5

A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease is to begin hemodialysis treatment. Which statement should the nurse include in client education?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Insulin dosage may need reduction during hemodialysis as the dialyzer removes insulin, lowering blood glucose. The other options are incorrect: abdominal catheters are for peritoneal dialysis, medications may need adjustment, and potassium-rich foods should be limited.

Question 4 of 5

A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia has a CD4+ T cell count of 200 cells/mm³ (20%). The client asks the nurse why they have these recurring massive infections. Which pathophysiologic mechanism should the nurse describe in response to this client's question?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: HIV destroys CD4+ T cells, impairing cellular immunity and macrophage activation, leading to opportunistic infections like Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia.

Question 5 of 5

Five months following treatment for Herpes zoster (shingles), an older adult client tells the home health nurse of continuing to experience pain where the rash occurred. Which action should the nurse implement?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Persistent pain after shingles suggests postherpetic neuralgia, requiring a thorough pain assessment to guide treatment.

Similar Questions

While completing a health assessment for a young adult female with acute appendicitis, the client informs the nurse that there is a chance that she may be pregnant. The operating team is preparing to take the client to surgery. Which intervention should the nurse implement immediately?
A client asks the nurse for information about how to reduce risk factors for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which information should the nurse provide?
Following a motor vehicle accident, a client with chest trauma receives a chest tube to relieve a hemothorax. Two hours following the chest tube insertion, the nurse observes the water level in the water-seal chamber is rising during inspiration and falling during expiration. Which action should the nurse implement?
On the third postoperative day, a client who has had a hip replacement surgery becomes anxious and diaphoretic, and begins to experience auditory hallucinations. The client denies having any pain. The client's vital signs are pulse rate 125 beats/minute, respiratory rate 36 breaths/minute, and blood pressure 166/88 mm Hg. Which nursing intervention(s) should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.)
A patient experiences residual effects following an acute attack of Ménière's disease and receives a new prescription for an antihistamine. Which assessment finding indicates that the medication is effective?

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