HESI RN
RN Medical Surgical HESI Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Two weeks after returning home from traveling, a client presents to the clinic with conjunctivitis and describes a recent loss in the ability to taste and smell. The nurse obtains a nasal swab to test for COVID-19. Which action is most important for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Isolating the client prevents potential COVID-19 transmission, prioritizing immediate safety over teaching, reporting, or contact tracing.
Question 2 of 5
A client with diabetes mellitus is admitted with an upper respiratory infection. Which changes in blood glucose management should the client expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Infections increase insulin resistance, necessitating higher insulin doses to manage blood glucose effectively.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse prepares a teaching plan for an adult client with metabolic syndrome. Which finding(s) should the nurse address to help the client reduce the risk for diabetes mellitus and vascular disease? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Abdominal obesity, hypertension, high triglycerides, and hyperglycemia are metabolic syndrome components that increase diabetes and vascular disease risk. Elevated HDL is protective, and hypothyroidism is not directly related.
Extract:
The patient is a 68-year-old with a history of diabetes, hypertension (HTN), coronary artery disease (CAD), and recently diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). She has been placed on hemodialysis three times a week for one month. She presents to the emergency department (ED) with fatigue, generalized weakness, muscle cramps, tingling sensation in arms and legs, and lightheadedness following 3 days of illness during which her husband reports she has complained of nausea and had a poor appetite and was not able to go for her scheduled dialysis 2 days ago.
Question 4 of 5
For each assessment finding, explain whether the actions taken were effective or ineffective.
| Options | Effective | Ineffective |
|---|---|---|
| Denies cramps, weakness, or nausea | ||
| BP 116/68 mm Hg, HR 75 bpm | ||
| Potassium level 3.6 mEq/L (3.6 mmol/L) | ||
| Verbalizes commitment to dialysis appointments | ||
| Client states that she will need to resume her Lisinopril to control blood pressure | ||
| Client is eager to add dark green vegetables and potatoes to her diet |
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Denying symptoms, normalized vitals, potassium, and dialysis commitment indicate effective actions. Misunderstandings about Lisinopril and diet suggest ineffective education.
Extract:
Flow sheets
1915
Arrival at emergency department
1920
Vital Signs:
- Temperature: 98.2° F (36.8° C)
- Heart rate: 92 beats/minute
- Respirations: 24 breaths/minute
- Blood pressure: 210/98 mmHg
- Oxygen saturation: 95% on room air
Imaging studies
1935
Head CT scan results:
- No evidence of intracranial hemorrhage
- No evidence of acute disease
Orders
- Obtain CT scan of the head.
- Insert a large bore peripheral IV.
- Start normal saline infusion at 50 mL/hour.
The nurse administered tPA and conducted neurologic assessments every 15 minutes during the infusion.
The tPA infusion finished and the nurse performed neurologic assessments every 30 minutes for the 6 hours following the administration.
The client was noted to be stable with unchanged neurologic assessments.
The nurse begins to plan care for the client's recovery and identifies interdisciplinary team members who can assist with the client's recovery.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse begins to plan care for the client's recovery and identifies interdisciplinary team members who can assist with the client's recovery. Select the interdisciplinary team members who should assist the client in recovery.
| Occupational Therapist |
| Speech Therapist |
| Case manager |
| Physical therapist |
| Chief Nursing Officer |
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Occupational, speech, and physical therapists address functional and communication deficits post-stroke, while a case manager coordinates care.