HESI RN
RN HESI Pharmacology Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
After receiving the third dose of a new oral anticoagulant prescription, an older adult client develops bleeding and tender gums and has many new bruises. Which actions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Bleeding and bruising suggest anticoagulant-related complications. Completing a variance report documents potential issues, a soft toothbrush reduces gum trauma, reporting to the provider ensures intervention, and reviewing coagulation labs guides management. NSAIDs increase bleeding risk and are contraindicated.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who takes methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis and receives a prescription for adalimumab. Which instructions should the nurse provide the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adalimumab, an immunosuppressant, increases infection risk. Avoiding crowds and sick individuals minimizes exposure, protecting the client’s compromised immune system. Chest x-rays, vaccinations, or eye exams are not specifically required for adalimumab initiation.
Question 3 of 5
The home health nurse observes that a female client is using a topical preparation that contains echinacea to treat a canker sore. Her husband expresses concern regarding the effectiveness and safety of using herbs. How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Echinacea may have immune-boosting properties, potentially aiding canker sore treatment, though evidence is mixed. This response balances its possible benefits without dismissing its use, unlike suggesting burns, ineffectiveness, or placebo effects.
Question 4 of 5
A client receives a prescription for allopurinol. Which information provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Doubling a missed allopurinol dose risks toxicity and is incorrect; clients should take it as soon as remembered or skip it if near the next dose. Reducing caffeine/alcohol, taking with food, and hydration are appropriate to manage uric acid and GI effects.
Question 5 of 5
A client with anemia secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD) started a prescription for epoetin alfa two months ago. Which client finding best indicates that the medication is effective? Reference Range: Hemoglobin (Hgb) [14 to 18 g/dL (8.7 to 11.2 mmol/L)]
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Epoetin alfa stimulates red blood cell production, directly increasing hemoglobin levels. A rise to 12 g/dL, though below the male reference range, objectively indicates effectiveness in treating anemia. Iron therapy tolerance, subjective energy improvements, or dietary changes are less direct measures of epoetin’s impact.