HESI RN
RN HESI Pharmacology Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client who is taking furosemide reports experiencing leg cramps, a cough, feeling tired, and palpitations. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide can cause hypokalemia, leading to palpitations and cramps, risking arrhythmias. Cardiac monitoring first detects potential arrhythmias, prioritizing safety. Intake/output, compresses, or bed elevation are secondary to addressing cardiac risks.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antiretrovirals reduce viral load and transmission risk but do not fully prevent HIV transmission; safe practices are still needed. The other statements are accurate regarding HIV management and ART benefits.
Question 3 of 5
A glucagon emergency kit is prescribed for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus. When should the nurse instruct the client and family that glucagon needs to be administered?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glucagon raises blood glucose in severe hypoglycemia (e.g., unconsciousness), preventing complications. It’s not for hyperglycemia, sick days, or diabetic ketoacidosis, which require insulin and other treatments.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for an adult client who is taking digoxin. Which laboratory value should be reported to the healthcare provider immediately? Reference Range: Sodium [Adult 136 to 145 mEq/L (136 to 145 mmol/L)] Digoxin level [0.8 to 2.0 ng/mL (0.6 to 13 nmol/L)] Potassium (K+) [Adult: 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L (3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L)] Creatinine [0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL (44 to 97 μmol/L)]
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypokalemia (3.2 mEq/L) increases digoxin toxicity risk, potentially causing arrhythmias. Immediate reporting allows potassium correction. Mild hyponatremia, normal creatinine, and therapeutic digoxin levels are less urgent.
Question 5 of 5
A client has a new prescription for diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Which information in the client's history is of greatest concern to the nurse in monitoring the client's response to this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic alcoholism increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding or ulcers with diclofenac, an NSAID, due to mucosal irritation. This history requires vigilant monitoring for GI symptoms, making it the greatest concern over osteoarthritis, diabetes, or migraines.