HESI RN
HESI RN Medical Surgical Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client who is experiencing a first gouty arthritis attack reports excruciating pain in the right great toe. The nurse inspects the inflamed joint and administers ibuprofen 800mg PO as prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Avoiding the consumption of wine, beer, and coffee is crucial for managing gout. Alcohol, particularly beer and wine, contains high levels of purines, which can increase uric acid production and exacerbate gout symptoms. Alcohol also promotes dehydration, which can lead to higher uric acid concentrations in the blood. Both of these factors can trigger gout attacks.
Extract:
History and Physical
Nurse's Notes
A 34-year-old male client presents to the emergency department (ED) for an asthma attack that began after jogging through a local park. The client is able to answer questions every few words to catch his breath. He reports using his rescue inhaler three times, but he couldn't catch his breath. He reports that his symptoms are worse when outdoors and when exercising, and episodes like this make him extremely nervous. He says that it has been a couple of months since his last asthma attack, and he came to the ED today because he noticed his inhaler was expired and was worried the medication was not working.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse performs an initial focused assessment of the client. Based on the client's history and assessment data, the nurse's hypothesis is that the client's vital signs are most likely the result of a disease process, medication use, or neither.
| Options | Neither Disease Process Nor Medication Use | Medication Use | Disease Process |
|---|---|---|---|
| Temperature: 98.9°F (Neither) | |||
| Heart rate: 112 beats per minute (Disease Process) | |||
| Respirations: 28 breaths per minute (Disease Process) | |||
| Blood pressure: 130/86 mmHg (Neither) | |||
| Oxygen saturation: 88% (Disease Process) |
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Temperature and blood pressure are normal (neither), while heart rate, respirations, and oxygen saturation reflect asthma (disease process).
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A client who had a C5 spinal cord injury 2 years ago is admitted to the emergency department (ED) with the diagnosis of autonomic dysreflexia secondary to a full bladder. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect this client to exhibit?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Profuse diaphoresis and severe headache are classic symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia due to sympathetic overactivity.
Question 4 of 5
A client with chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis exhibits redness, tenderness, and drainage around the catheter site on the abdominal wall. While planning care, the nurse is most concerned about preventing which complication related to these findings?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Peritonitis is a serious complication that can result from catheter site infections, requiring urgent prevention.
Question 5 of 5
When teaching a client with Parkinson's disease, which rationale for the prescription of carbidopa-levodopa should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbidopa-levodopa increases dopamine availability, improving muscle function in Parkinson's disease.