HESI RN
HESI RN Medical Surgical Exam I Questions
Extract:
History and Physical
A 34-year-old male client presents to the emergency department (ED) for an asthma attack that began after jogging through a local park. The client is able to answer questions every few words to catch his breath. He reports using his rescue inhaler three times, but he couldn't catch his breath. He reports that his symptoms are worse when outdoors and when exercising, and episodes like this make him extremely nervous. He says that it has been a couple of months since his last asthma attack, and he came to the ED today because he noticed his inhaler was expired and was worried the medication was not working.
Question 1 of 5
The nurse reviews the client's history of the presenting illness in the electronic medical record. Highlight the pieces of key subjective data which indicate the client is in need of health interventions.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Key data: difficulty speaking, ineffective inhaler use, and expired inhaler indicate severe asthma requiring intervention.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
When teaching a client with Parkinson's disease, which rationale for the prescription of carbidopa-levodopa should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbidopa-levodopa increases dopamine availability, improving muscle function in Parkinson's disease.
Question 3 of 5
A client with oral cancer is receiving radiotherapy (RT) prior to surgery. Which intervention should the nurse teach the client to implement in managing mucositis related to RT?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Normal saline mouth rinses as swish and spit after meals and bedtime is an effective intervention for managing mucositis. Rinsing with saline helps to keep the mouth clean, reduce bacterial load, and soothe inflamed tissues.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse obtains a fingerstick blood glucose level using a bedside glucose meter from a client with a prescribed sliding scale insulin protocol. The meter indicates 56 mg/dL (3.12 mmol/L). At this time, which intervention should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Giving the client six ounces of non-diet carbonated soda is the correct first intervention. The client's blood glucose level is significantly below the normal range (hypoglycemia). Administering a fast-acting carbohydrate, such as non-diet soda, helps to quickly increase the blood glucose level to a safer range.
Question 5 of 5
The healthcare provider (HCP) prescribes diazepam 8 mg IM every 4 hours PRN for muscle spasms for a client with a fractured femur. The available vial is labeled 'Diazepam Injection, USP 10 mg/2 mL.' How many mL should the nurse administer to the client? (Enter numerical value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calculation: 10 mg/2 mL = 0.2 mL/mg, 8 mg × 0.2 mL/mg = 1.6 mL.