HESI RN
HESI RN 301 Pharmacology Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client who is a vegetarian has a new prescription for warfarin. The client reports eating leafy green vegetables every day. How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Leafy greens, high in vitamin K, can reduce warfarin’s effectiveness. The provider needs to know to adjust dosing. Replacing greens, claiming enhanced efficacy, or encouraging unchanged habits are incorrect.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is planning to administer sucralfate to a client with peptic ulcer disease. Which action should the nurse include in this patient's plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sucralfate forms a protective barrier over ulcers and is most effective when taken on an empty stomach, 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals, to adhere to the ulcer site. Once-daily dosing is incorrect, as it’s typically given four times daily. Sucralfate doesn’t cause significant electrolyte imbalances or Candida infections.
Question 3 of 5
A client is using the nasal spray hormone calcitonin to reduce bone loss from osteoporosis. To reduce rhinitis associated with administration of the nasal spray, the nurse should provide the client with which instruction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alternating nostrils daily reduces local irritation and rhinitis from calcitonin nasal spray, allowing each nostril recovery time. Lying down doesn’t directly reduce rhinitis, and NSAIDs or antihistamines are not standard for managing this side effect.
Question 4 of 5
A client who has dysphagia after a cerebral vascular accident (CVA) receives a new prescription for lansoprazole capsules via nasogastric tube (NGT). Which action should the nurse implement prior to administering the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lansoprazole granules are mixed with water for NGT administration to ensure proper delivery. Tablets are unsuitable, crushing alters efficacy, and applesauce is inappropriate for tube administration.
Question 5 of 5
To detect common untoward effects of phenytoin, the nurse should assess a client with a seizure disorder for which sign or symptom?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phenytoin commonly causes gingival hyperplasia, requiring oral hygiene monitoring. Hypertension, edema, and hematuria are not typical side effects.