HESI RN
HESI RN 311 Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client who has been taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is experiencing gastric pain and blood in his stool. The healthcare provider discontinues the NSAIDs and prescribes esomeprazole. Which information should the nurse include in this client’s teaching plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Black stools (
D) indicate potential GI bleeding, a serious NSAID/esomeprazole risk, requiring immediate provider notification. Milk/cream (
A) may not help and could increase acid. Diarrhea/headache (
B) are less urgent. Resuming NSAIDs (
C) risks further bleeding without provider approval.
Question 2 of 5
A client is receiving miotics for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma. The nurse determines that a priority nursing problem is the risk for injury. This nursing problem is based on which etiology?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Miotics (e.g., pilocarpine) cause pupil constriction, reducing night vision (
A), increasing injury risk in low-light conditions. Photophobia (
B), tearing (
C), and color perception (
D) are less directly linked to injury.
Question 3 of 5
When administering zolpidem to an older client, which computer documentation indicates that the desired outcome has been achieved?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Zolpidem, a sedative-hypnotic, treats insomnia. Sleeping soundly through the night (
D) indicates efficacy. Incontinence (
A), concentration (
B), and emotional outbursts (
C) are unrelated to its primary effect.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a history of anaphylactic reaction to penicillin receives a prescription for cephalexin 500 mg PO twice daily. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Contacting the provider (
A) is priority due to a 1-4% cross-reactivity risk between penicillin and cephalexin (a cephalosporin) in penicillin-allergic patients, especially with anaphylaxis history. Antihistamines (
B) cannot prevent anaphylaxis. Administering without consultation (
C) risks severe reaction. Monitoring (
D) is secondary to preventing exposure.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of smoking cigarettes for many years arrives at the clinic and expresses a desire to stop smoking. The client receives a prescription for bupropion to reduce nicotine cravings. Which information should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bupropion may cause insomnia and weight loss (
A) due to its stimulant effects, requiring patient awareness. Taste changes (
B) are not common. No specific water requirement exists (
C). Tyramine-free diets (
D) are for MAOIs, not bupropion.