HESI RN 311 Pharmacology | Nurselytic

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HESI RN 311 Pharmacology Questions

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Question 1 of 5

A client with a history of anaphylactic reaction to penicillin receives a prescription for cephalexin 500 mg PO twice daily. Which action should the nurse take?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Contacting the provider (
A) is priority due to a 1-4% cross-reactivity risk between penicillin and cephalexin (a cephalosporin) in penicillin-allergic patients, especially with anaphylaxis history. Antihistamines (
B) cannot prevent anaphylaxis. Administering without consultation (
C) risks severe reaction. Monitoring (
D) is secondary to preventing exposure.

Question 2 of 5

A young adult female client who is planning to become pregnant asks the nurse if she can continue taking isotretinoin for cystic acne. Which information is most important for the nurse to provide this client?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Isotretinoin is highly teratogenic, risking severe birth defects. Discontinuing 1 month before conception (
D) ensures clearance. Breastfeeding (
A), vitamin A (
B), and liver tests (
C) are secondary concerns.

Question 3 of 5

Based on a client’s serum digoxin level, the client is diagnosed with digoxin toxicity. Which action should the nurse expect to implement?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Digoxin toxicity risks hyperkalemia and arrhythmias. Checking acid-base and electrolyte values (
C) guides treatment (e.g., digoxin-specific Fab). Potassium (
A) may worsen hyperkalemia. Cardioversion (
B) is not primary. Changing routes (
D) is irrelevant; digoxin is stopped.

Question 4 of 5

A client with heart failure (HF) develops hyperaldosteronism and spironolactone is prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client’s plan of care?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, risks hyperkalemia. Limiting high-potassium foods (
D) prevents toxicity. Bruising (
A) is unrelated. Salt substitutes (
B) contain potassium, risking hyperkalemia. Photosensitivity (
C) is not a primary concern. Baseline potassium levels should also be checked.

Question 5 of 5

Which laboratory value should the nurse review prior to administering the initial dose of a statin medication?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Statins risk hepatotoxicity; reviewing baseline serum liver enzymes (
D) monitors for liver damage. CBC (
A), electrolytes (
B), and glucose (
C) are not primary concerns unless other conditions exist.

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