HESI RN
HESI RN 301 Pharmacology Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is receiving morphine sulfate via a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump postoperatively. Which assessment finding should prompt the nurse to administer a prescribed PRN dose of naloxone?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A respiratory rate of 7 breaths/minute indicates severe opioid-induced respiratory depression, requiring naloxone. Other findings suggest distress but are less specific for opioid overdose.
Question 2 of 5
A client is scheduled for a spiral computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast to evaluate for pulmonary embolism. Which information in the client's history requires follow up by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin risks lactic acidosis with contrast dye, requiring follow-up to hold the drug and monitor renal function. Prostheses, sobriety, and prior scans are less critical.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is administering the angiotensin II receptor antagonist valsartan. Which physiological response causes its therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Valsartan blocks angiotensin II, causing vasodilation to lower blood pressure. It doesn’t affect heart rate (chronotropic), cause diuresis, or act sympatholytically.
Question 4 of 5
A male client with dementia is admitted to the emergency department (ED) because he accidentally self-administered several doses of diltiazem. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diltiazem overdose can cause bradycardia or heart block, making continuous ECG monitoring critical. Blood pressure, gastric irritation, and consciousness are secondary concerns.
Question 5 of 5
The healthcare provider prescribes the anticoagulant heparin for a client with a pulmonary embolism. Before initiating the medication, the nurse should ensure that which drug is readily available in case of heparin overdose?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Protamine sulfate reverses heparin’s anticoagulant effects in overdose. Warfarin and vitamin K are for other anticoagulants, and diphenhydramine is unrelated.