HESI RN
RN Medical Surgical HESI Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client has an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 500/mm³ (0.5 x 10â¹/L) after completing chemotherapy. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe neutropenia (ANC 500/mm³) increases infection risk, making protective isolation critical to prevent exposure to pathogens.
Question 2 of 5
The client is in respiratory distress with an oxygen saturation of 78% on a non-rebreather oxygen mask. His abdomen is distended and tense. His skin is pale with capillary refill of 7 seconds. His pulses are faint. Electrocardiogram reveals heart rate of 88 beats/minute, normal sinus rhythm. Lung sounds are clear and equal bilaterally. The client's temperature is 97 °F (36.1 °C). Drag from the choices area to specify which condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Abdominal compartment syndrome is indicated by distended abdomen and respiratory distress. Paracentesis and fluid boluses address pressure and perfusion. Monitor oxygen saturation and urine output to assess progress.
Question 3 of 5
After performing a head-to-toe assessment for a client with Addison's disease, the nurse reports findings to the healthcare provider. The findings include moist mucous membranes, strong palpable peripheral pulses, and blood pressure 132/88 mm Hg. The client verbalizes understanding of the illness and importance of taking medications every day. Which action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: With stable vital signs, adequate hydration, and good self-care knowledge, the client is ready for discharge. The other actions are unnecessary given the client's stable condition.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse prepares a teaching plan for an adult client with metabolic syndrome. Which finding(s) should the nurse address to help the client reduce the risk for diabetes mellitus and vascular disease? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Abdominal obesity, hypertension, high triglycerides, and hyperglycemia are metabolic syndrome components that increase diabetes and vascular disease risk. Elevated HDL is protective, and hypothyroidism is not directly related.
Question 5 of 5
The client has ____, which can cause ____ such as airway obstruction, bronchospasm, and pulmonary edema. The client also has ____, which can lead to ____ such as hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis.
| Inhaled smoke |
| Hypometabolism |
| Increased cardiac output |
| Respiratory problems |
| Initial fluid shifts |
| Electrolyte imbalance |
| High blood sodium levels |
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Inhaled smoke causes respiratory problems (airway obstruction, bronchospasm, pulmonary edema). Initial fluid shifts in burns lead to electrolyte imbalances (hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis).